to avoid unintentionally clobber R9/R10.
Thanks Lucio for the suggestion.
PS: yes, this could be considered a big change (but not an API change), but
as it turns out even temporarily changes R9/R10 in user code is unsafe and
leads to very hard to diagnose problems later, better to disable using R9/R10
when the user first uses it.
See CL 6300043 and CL 6305100 for two problems caused by misusing R9/R10.
R=golang-dev, khr, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/9840043
This fixes two intra-page "type assertion" links that were broken in
different ways.
R=golang-dev, dsymonds
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/9797043
This text is added to doc.go:
Explicit argument indexes:
In Printf, Sprintf, and Fprintf, the default behavior is for each
formatting verb to format successive arguments passed in the call.
However, the notation [n] immediately before the verb indicates that the
nth one-indexed argument is to be formatted instead. The same notation
before a '*' for a width or precision selects the argument index holding
the value. After processing a bracketed expression [n], arguments n+1,
n+2, etc. will be processed unless otherwise directed.
For example,
fmt.Sprintf("%[2]d %[1]d\n", 11, 22)
will yield "22, 11", while
fmt.Sprintf("%[3]*[2].*[1]f", 12.0, 2, 6),
equivalent to
fmt.Sprintf("%6.2f", 12.0),
will yield " 12.00". Because an explicit index affects subsequent verbs,
this notation can be used to print the same values multiple times
by resetting the index for the first argument to be repeated:
fmt.Sprintf("%d %d %#[1]x %#x", 16, 17)
will yield "16 17 0x10 0x11".
The notation chosen differs from that in C, but I believe it's easier to read
and to remember (we're indexing the arguments), and compatibility with
C's printf was never a strong goal anyway.
While we're here, change the word "field" to "arg" or "argument" in the
code; it was being misused and was confusing.
R=rsc, bradfitz, rogpeppe, minux.ma, peter.armitage
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/9680043
This is a file of hints, not a file of polished text.
Let's not try to do polished text until we start the
release process.
R=golang-dev, gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/9750043
Several old TODOs are either resolved now (e.g. when is a return
needed), or are from a time the language wasn't frozen (^ for uints
only). Consolidated the others.
R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/9599044
I read docs and wrote a crawler + link checker on the plane,
which also checks for #fragments. I'll send that out later
when it's less gross.
R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/8729050
Although one may argue that they should be legal, gc (at least)
disallows byte order marks that are not the first code point
in the file. Added a sentence to the "Implementation restriction"
clause in the "Source code representation" section to document
this better.
Lifting this restriction (again - the rule has changed at least
twice already) would not break any existing programs, should
we later decide yet again to fiddle the rules about these little
fly specks.
R=golang-dev, dsymonds, gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/8649043
This version just tells you what to do, rather
than trying to teach you how it all works.
Should be much better for newcomers.
R=dave, gary.burd, alcosholik, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/8247044
Also:
- put GORACE into the go env command
- do minor housekeeping on the race detector article
Fixes#4995.
R=golang-dev, adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/8319044
Be deliberately vague, since the precise details should not be depended upon.
Fixes#5155.
R=golang-dev, gri, adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/8283044
Also remove the introduction, which says what the rest of the
page says anyway.
Fixes#5182.
R=golang-dev, kamil.kisiel, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/8281044
Mention support for NetBSD, OpenBSD, and cgo for linux/arm.
R=golang-dev, dvyukov, r, minux.ma, adg, bradfitz, adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/8152043
- removed gratuitous empty lines that creeped into command line output
- changed comment color to a dark green so that links don't visually melt into them
- removed some TODOs
- updated doc.go
R=golang-dev, bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/8108044
Always use /home/you for $HOME in examples.
Trivial enough that someone else can integrate this change if they are editing go1.1.html
R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/8025043
Also:
- more consistenly use "xxx" statement rather than <code>xxx</code> statement
- fix/remove unnecessary links
R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7821050
Will help people find the rules by searching the spec by
having a comment saying "missing return";
"terminating statement" does not evoke the rule to the
uninitiated.
R=golang-dev, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7838044
Also adjust the implementation of applyRelocationsAMD64
so that the test added in CL 6848044 still passes.
R=golang-dev, minux.ma
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7686049
Only the net stuff remains as significant work in the "minor changes" section.
R=golang-dev, dave, elias.naur, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7933044
The rule is not concistently followed by gc.
It appears that gccgo is ignoring it. go/types
does not implement this rule. However, both
gccgo and now go/types can compile/type-check
the entire std library (and thus all the shift
expressions occuring in it) w/o errors. For
more details see the discussion in issue 4883.
Fixes#4880.
Fixes#4881.
Fixes#4883.
R=rsc, r, iant, ken, ken, mtj, rogpeppe
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7707043
Tell Windows users how to update Mercurial's library.zip to add some missing dependencies.
Fixes#4745.
R=golang-dev, patrick.allen.higgins, minux.ma, adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7558043
Also rename the relevant examples and make sure the working one compiles.
R=golang-dev, bradfitz, adg, iant, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7597043
It's a common mistake to build a recursive String method; explain it well and
show how to avoid it.
R=golang-dev, bradfitz, adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7486049
Drop the phrase "reference types", which has caused confusion.
Add a section about 2D arrays, a common newbie question.
R=golang-dev, cespare, adg, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7423051
The only functional change is the new section
on terminating statements.
There is a minor syntax rewrite (not change)
of function declarations to make it easier to
refer to the notion of a function from all places
where it is used (function decls, method decls,
and function literals).
Includes some minor fixes/additions of missing links.
Based closely on Russ' proposal.
Fixes#65.
R=rsc, r, iant, ken, bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7415050
Replacement for CL 7370053 which attempted to make fallthrough's
syntactically a part of switch statements. Because they may be
labeled, fixing that CL completely would require too much spec
surgery.
Fixes#4923.
R=r, iant, rsc, ken
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7416048
The Camlistore code tree rearranged after the go tool came
out. (I didn't know this link was here until I saw it in
some logs.)
R=adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7374043
This is documenting the status quo. The previous cleanup
added this language as an implementation restriction, but
at least for now it is really part of the language proper.
Fixes#4605.
R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7305071
The gc compilers already behave this way. It was an explicit
decision during the very long constant design discussions,
but it appears not to have made it into the spec.
Fixes#4398.
R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7313069
Fixes#4582.
* mentioned hg upload.
* added section on hg file.
* added small mention about being inside $GOROOT.
* added hg revert @NNNN
* reorganise the hg submit section for the common case of a non committer.
* made the Copyright section h2
* added note about leaving copyright years unchanged.
R=golang-dev, metanata4, shivakumar.gn, minux.ma, adg, shanemhansen
CC=golang-dev, metanata4
https://golang.org/cl/7278047
Fixes#4010.
This proposal avoids cluttering the main install-source.html with OS specific instructions by linking to the wiki for details. See discussion in the comments.
R=adg, minux.ma
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7241068
The spec is not clear about whether this is allowed or not,
but both compilers allow it, because the reflect implementation
takes advantage of it. Document current behavior.
Fixes#4679.
R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7303064
I am still not convinced this is a change we should make, but at least
documenting it will keep us from forgetting it as we get closer to Go 1.1.
R=golang-dev, minux.ma
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7226064
People keep not reading all the way to the bottom of the doc
and not running hg mail.
R=golang-dev, minux.ma
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7137057
Fixes#4186.
Back in the day, before the Go 1.0 release, $GOROOT was mandatory for building from source. Fast forward to now and $GOPATH is mandatory and $GOROOT is optional, and mainly used by those who use the binary distribution in uncommon places.
For example, most novices at least know about `sudo` as they would have used it to install the binary tarball into /usr/local. It is logical they would use the `sudo` hammer to `go get` other Go packages when faced with a permission error talking about the path they just had to use `sudo` on last time.
Even if they had read the documentation and set $GOPATH, go get will not work as expected as `sudo` masks most environment variables.
llucky(~) % ~/go/bin/go env | grep GOPATH
GOPATH="/home/dfc"
lucky(~) % sudo ~/go/bin/go env | grep GOPATH
GOPATH=""
This CL therefore proposes to remove support for using `go get` to download source into $GOROOT.
This CL also proposes an error when GOPATH=$GOROOT, as this is another place where new Go users can get stuck.
Further discussion: https://groups.google.com/d/topic/golang-nuts/VIg3fjHiHRI/discussion
R=rsc, adg, minux.ma
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6941058
The spec talks explicitly about rune literals but the
respective production is still called char_lit for
historic reasons. Updated the two occurences.
Fixes#4602.
R=rsc, iant, r, ken
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7070048
This CL adds a flag parser that matches the semantics of Go's
package flag. It also changes the linkers and compilers to use
the new flag parser.
Command lines that used to work, like
8c -FVw
6c -Dfoo
5g -I/foo/bar
now need to be split into separate arguments:
8c -F -V -w
6c -D foo
5g -I /foo/bar
The new spacing will work with both old and new tools.
The new parser also allows = for arguments, as in
6c -D=foo
5g -I=/foo/bar
but that syntax will not work with the old tools.
In addition to matching standard Go binary flag parsing,
the new flag parser generates more detailed usage messages
and opens the door to long flag names.
The recently added gc flag -= has been renamed -complete.
R=remyoudompheng, daniel.morsing, minux.ma, iant
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7035043
The Plan 9 symbol table format defines big-endian symbol values
for portability, but we want to be able to generate an ELF object file
and let the host linker link it, as part of the solution to issue 4069.
The symbol table itself, since it is loaded into memory at run time,
must be filled in by the final host linker, using relocation directives
to set the symbol values. On a little-endian machine, the linker will
only fill in little-endian values during relocation, so we are forced
to use little-endian symbol values.
To preserve most of the original portability of the symbol table
format, we make the table itself say whether it uses big- or
little-endian values. If the table begins with the magic sequence
fe ff ff ff 00 00
then the actual table begins after those six bytes and contains
little-endian symbol values. Otherwise, the table is in the original
format and contains big-endian symbol values. The magic sequence
looks like an "end of table" entry (the fifth byte is zero), so legacy
readers will see a little-endian table as an empty table.
All the gc architectures are little-endian today, so the practical
effect of this CL is to make all the generated tables little-endian,
but if a big-endian system comes along, ld will not generate
the magic sequence, and the various readers will fall back to the
original big-endian interpretation.
R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/7066043
A composite literal may be parenthesized when
used as operand for the unary operator &.
R=rsc, iant, r, ken
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6996053
CL6449105 changed godoc id attributes to ensure uniqueness.
This CL updates links to godoc pages in documents that used
the old id attributes.
R=golang-dev, dsymonds
CC=golang-dev, speter.go1
https://golang.org/cl/7015051
An error during the compilation can be more precise
than an error at link time.
For 'func init', the error happens always: you can't forward
declare an init func because the name gets mangled.
For other funcs, the error happens only with the special
(and never used by hand) -= flag, which tells 6g the
package is pure go.
The go command now passes -= for pure Go packages.
Fixes#3705.
R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6996054
Enable cgo on OpenBSD.
The OpenBSD ld.so(1) does not currently support PT_TLS sections. Work
around this by fixing up the TCB that has been provided by librthread
and reallocating a TCB with additional space for TLS. Also provide a
wrapper for pthread_create, allowing zeroed TLS to be allocated for
threads created externally to Go.
Joint work with Shenghou Ma (minux).
Requires change 6846064.
Fixes#3205.
R=golang-dev, minux.ma, iant, rsc, iant
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6853059
This CL breaks Go 1 API compatibility but it doesn't matter because
previous ListenUnixgram doesn't work in any use cases, oops.
The public API change is:
-pkg net, func ListenUnixgram(string, *UnixAddr) (*UDPConn, error)
+pkg net, func ListenUnixgram(string, *UnixAddr) (*UnixConn, error)
Fixes#3875.
R=rsc, golang-dev, dave
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6937059
This is language change. It is a backward-compatible
change but for code that relies on a run-time panic
when calling delete on a nil map (unlikely).
Fixes#4253.
R=rsc, r, iant, ken, bradfitz, rogpeppe
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6909060
We have been using all three terms "indices", "indexes",
and "index expressions" indiscriminatly for index values.
With this change, "index" refers to an index value,
"indices" is the plural of "index", and "index expression"
refers to an array, slice, or map indexed by an index: a[x].
R=r, rsc, iant, ken, mtj
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6912056
New in Go 1 will be nanosecond precision in the result of time.Now on Linux.
This will break code that stores time in external formats at microsecond
precision, reads it back, and expects to get exactly the same time.
Code like that can be fixed by using time.Now().Round(time.Microsecond)
instead of time.Now() in those contexts.
R=golang-dev, bradfitz, iant, remyoudompheng
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6903050
The spec didn't preclude invalid type assertions and
type switches, i.e., cases where a concrete type doesn't
implement the interface type in the assertion in the first
place. Both, the gc and gccgo compiler exclude these cases.
This is documenting the status quo.
Also:
- minor clean up of respective examples
- added sentence about default case in select statements
Fixes#4472.
R=rsc, iant, r, ken
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6869050
Also:
- 'for' statements with a range clause do not accept send-only
channels
- '_, _ = range ch' is not equivalent to "_ = range ch" if ch
is a channel (rewriting the latter to the former leads to
an invalid range clause).
These clarifications document the status quo.
R=rsc, r, iant, ken
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6874053
1) Built-ins are restricted like for expression statements.
This documents the status quo.
2) Calls cannot be parenthesized. The spec is not clear. gccgo
permits it already, gc doesn't. Be explicit in the spec.
Fixes#4462.
R=rsc, iant, r, ken, lvd
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6861043
We have the notion of a PackageName, not package identifier.
As is, it could construed that imports that rename a package
don't have an "imported package identifier" but a local one.
R=r, rsc, iant, ken, dsymonds
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6858049
Do not skip the first symbol in the symbol table. Any other indexes
into the symbol table (for example, indexes in relocation entries)
will now refer to the symbol following the one that was intended.
Add an object that contains debug relocations, which debug/dwarf
failed to decode correctly. Extend the relocation tests to cover
this case.
Note that the existing tests passed since the symbol following the
symbol that required relocation is also of type STT_SECTION.
Fixes#4107.
R=golang-dev, mikioh.mikioh, iant, iant
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6848044
This is an attempt at making the interaction between
these three constructs clearer. Specifically:
- return statements terminate a function, execute deferred
functions, return to the caller, and then execution
continues after the call
- panic calls terminate a function, execute deferred
functions, return to the caller, and then re-panic
- deferred functions are executed before a function _returns_
to its caller
The hope is that with this change it becomes clear when a
deferred function is executed (when a function returns),
and when it is not (when a program exits).
R=r, rsc, iant, ken, iant
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6736071
Both gc and gccgo always checked this for constant
expressions but the spec only mentions run-time
exceptions.
This CL also requires that constant divisors
must not be zero in non-constant integer expressions:
This is consistent with the spirit of the most
recent changes and it is consistent with constant
expressions. We don't want to specify the effect for
non-integer expressions (f/0.0 where f is a float or
complex number) because there the result f/g is not
further specified if a non-constant g is 0.
R=r, rsc, iant, ken, andybalholm, iant
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6710045
This is a language change: Until now, the spec required run-
time panics for some of these errors. Note that gc and gccgo
implemented this inconsistently, and that both compilers already
reported compile-time errors in some cases. This change makes
make() behave along the same vein as index expressions.
This addresses the spec aspect of issue 4085.
R=r, rsc, iant, ken
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6725053
At the moment, gc and gccgo report compile-
time errors for certain constant indexes that
are out of bounds. The spec however requests
a run-time panic for out-of-bounds indexes
(http://tip.golang.org/ref/spec#Indexes).
Document the status quo.
Fixes#4231.
R=r, rsc, iant, ken
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6699048
Proposed new text to make matters clearer. The existing text was
unclear about the state of result parameters when panicking.
R=golang-dev, iant
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6653047
0. windows uses all.bat instead of ./all.bash
1. correct expected all.bash output
2. mention you need to use an application specific password
if you're using 2-step verification
3. note you can edit files included in CL by 'hg change NNNN'
or 'hg file'
R=golang-dev, adg, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6615060
Fixes#3733Fixes#2149
Updated Syntax
Added part3.go example program
Added part3-errorhandling.go example program
Improved wording in some places
R=golang-dev, adg, minux.ma
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6636048
It's already there but only in the "for instance" and so not
clear enough: deferred functions run after
the result parameters are updated.
R=golang-dev, dsymonds
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6631058
Mercurial has supported environment variables in hgrc files since
version 1.4 (released November 2009).
R=golang-dev, dave, minux.ma
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6619067
For golang.org I intend to rewrite the jquery link in godoc.html
to point to the Google-hosted jquery.js.
R=dsymonds, minux.ma
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6589071
Also: Be explicit what operator means with respect to conversion types.
The parenthesis requirement is a language change. At the moment,
literal function types in conversions that cannot possibly be
followed by a '(' don't need parentheses. For instance:
func(int)int(x) -> same as (func(int)int)(x)
func()()(x) -> same as (func())(x)
but:
func(int)(x) -> could be func(int)x {...}
Fixes#4109.
R=rsc, r, iant, ken, iant
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6584065
Link to the "installing from source" docs instead of the "installing" docs.
Remind would-be hacker to switch to the default branch from the release branch.
R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6559043
Also: Adjust prose in Conversions section
to be consistent.
This is a backward-compatible syntax change.
For a discussion see issue 2568.
Fixes#2568.
Fixes#4123.
R=golang-dev, r, iant, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6572049
The assembly offsets were converted mechanically using
code.google.com/p/rsc/cmd/asmlint. The instruction
changes were done by hand.
Fixes#2188.
R=iant, r, bradfitz, remyoudompheng
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6550058
This was misleading and often confusing for new users.
Leaving the actual weekly release history page for historical reference.
R=golang-dev, rsc, adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6555053
When I was a lad (and well past), users were in /usr;
now they're somewhere else, I'm told.
Kids today.
Fixes#4122.
R=golang-dev, dsymonds, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6552060
Function and method calls are valid expression statements,
but calling certain built-in functions is not permitted.
Enumerate the built-ins.
Also: unsafe.Offsetof permits parenthesized selectors as
arguments.
This is simply documenting existing compiler behavior
(both gc and gccgo agree).
R=r, rsc, iant, ken
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6498138
Both gc and gccgo permit calls such as unsafe.Sizeof(42). The
spec only permits variable arguments. This is a (backward-compatible)
spec change reflecting the status quo. Seems preferrable over
restricting the compilers.
R=r, rsc, iant, ken
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6494140
Strings happen to be represented similarly to
byte slices internally, but they don't quite
behave like them: While strings can be indexed,
sliced, and have their len() taken like byte
slices, string elements are not addressable,
make() and cap() is not supported, range loops
operate differently, and they are immutable (and
thus behave like values rather then references).
Fixes#4018.
R=r, rsc, iant, ken
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6503116
This change messes with anchor links. It obscures the item being linked to.
I don't see a way around it. Undoing for now.
Fixes#4071.
««« original CL description
doc css: topbar sticks to the top of large windows.
Rationale: for large screens, the convenience of not having to scroll
to the top of the page to do a search outweighs having less vertical
space.
Tested with Chrome, Firefox, Safari with various window and text sizes.
R=adg
CC=gobot, golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6493071
Committer: Andrew Gerrand <adg@golang.org>
»»»
R=golang-dev, r, dsymonds
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6488121
The (and not) arguably sounds like it is trying to say something - and not what?.
Just an idea, won't be hurt if it gets rejected.
R=gri, dsymonds, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6498115
Rationale: for large screens, the convenience of not having to scroll
to the top of the page to do a search outweighs having less vertical
space.
Tested with Chrome, Firefox, Safari with various window and text sizes.
R=adg
CC=gobot, golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6493071
A race between
a = "hello, world"
and
print(a)
is not guaranteed to print either "hello, world" or "".
Its behaviour is undefined.
Fixes#4039.
R=rsc
CC=dvyukov, gobot, golang-dev, r
https://golang.org/cl/6489075
After further deliberation, let's back down to the Unicode proposal.
Ignoring aBOMinations anywhere means that things like
grep unsafe *.go
might fail because there's a BOM in the middle: unBOMsafe.
R=golang-dev, rsc, 0xjnml, gri, bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6490091
cgo[1-4].go, go1.go couldn't be tested now
(cgo[1-4].go can only be tested when cgo is enabled, go1.go
contain a list of filenames in the current directory)
R=golang-dev, alex.brainman, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6218048
No changes to the meaning, just clearer language and more
examples, including illegal rune and string literals.
In particular, "character literal" and "character constant"
are now called "rune literal" and "rune constant" and the
word "character" always refers to the source text, not
program values.
R=golang-dev, gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6448137
- point out difference between selectors and qualified identifiers
- differentiate between illegal selectors and run-time panics
- use "indirect" as opposed to "dereference" consistently
- add extra links
Fixes#3779.
R=r, rsc, iant, ken
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6326059
- receiving from a closed channel returns immediately
- in the ,ok form, the 2nd result is of type bool, not
just boolean (gc and ggcgo agree).
Per dsymonds' suggestion.
R=r, rsc, ken, iant, dsymonds
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6333057
The '...' was missing on a call to fmt.Sprintf() which would result in
the slice being printed instead of the correct result.
R=golang-dev, gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5967051
