1344 lines
39 KiB
Groff
1344 lines
39 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright 1988, 1994, 1998 The Open Group
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.\"
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and its
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.\" documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that
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.\" the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that
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.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
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.\" documentation.
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.\"
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.\" The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
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.\" in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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.\"
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
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.\" OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OPEN GROUP BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
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.\" OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
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.\" ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
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.\" OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
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.\"
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.\" Except as contained in this notice, the name of The Open Group shall
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.\" not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
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.\" other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization
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.\" from The Open Group.
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.\"
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.\"
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.Dd $Mdocdate: August 15 2019 $
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.Dt XENODM 1
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.Os __xorgversion__
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm xenodm
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.Nd X Display Manager
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm xenodm
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.Op Fl config Ar configuration_file
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.Op Fl nodaemon
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.Op Fl debug Ar debug_level
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.Op Fl error Ar error_log_file
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.Op Fl resources Ar resource_file
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.Op Fl server Ar server_entry
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.Op Fl session Ar session_program
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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manages a collection of X displays on the local host.
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.Nm
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provides services similar to those provided by
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.Xr getty 8
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and
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.Xr login 1
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on character terminals: prompting for login name and password,
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authenticating the user, and running a
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.Dq session .
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.Pp
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A
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.Dq session
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is defined by the lifetime of a particular process; in the
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traditional character-based terminal world, it is the user's login shell.
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In the
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.Nm
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context, it is an arbitrary session manager.
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This is because in a windowing environment,
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a user's login shell process does not necessarily have any terminal-like
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interface with which to connect.
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When a real session manager is not available, a window manager or terminal
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emulator is typically used as the
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.Dq session manager ,
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meaning that termination of this process terminates the user's session.
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.Pp
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When the session is terminated,
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.Nm
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resets the X server and (optionally) restarts the whole process.
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.Pp
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Because
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.Nm
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provides the first interface that users will see, it is designed to be
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simple to use and easy to customize to the needs of a particular site.
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.Nm
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has many options, most of which have reasonable defaults.
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Browse through the various sections of this manual,
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picking and choosing the things you want to change.
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Pay particular attention to the
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.Sx SESSION PROGRAM
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section, which will describe how to set up the style of session desired.
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.Sh OVERVIEW
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.Nm
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is highly configurable,
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and most of its behavior can be controlled by resource files and shell scripts.
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The names of these files themselves are resources read from the file
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.Pa xenodm-config
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or the file named by the
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.Fl config
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option.
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.Pp
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.Nm
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can manage X servers running on the local machine and specified in
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.Pa Xservers .
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.Pp
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The resources of the X clients run by
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.Nm
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outside the user's session, including
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.Nm Ns 's
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own login window, can be affected by setting resources in the
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.Pa Xresources
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file.
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.Pp
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After resetting the X server,
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.Nm
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runs the
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.Pa Xsetup
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script to assist in setting up the screen the user sees along with the
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xlogin widget.
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.Pp
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The xlogin widget, which
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.Nm
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presents, offers the familiar login and password prompts, unless
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.Ic autoLogin
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is set.
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.Pp
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After the user logs in,
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.Nm
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runs the
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.Pa Xstartup
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script as root.
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.Pp
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Then
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.Nm
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runs the
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.Pa Xsession
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script as the user.
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This system session file may do some additional startup and typically runs the
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.Pa .xsession
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script in the user's home directory.
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When the
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.Pa Xsession
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script exits, the session is over.
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.Pp
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At the end of the session, the
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.Pa Xreset
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script is run to clean up, the X server is reset, and the cycle starts over.
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.Pp
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The file
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.Pa XENODMLOGDIR/xenodm.log
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will contain error messages from
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.Nm
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and anything output to
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.Dv stderr
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by
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.Pa Xsetup , Xstartup , Xsession
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or
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.Pa Xreset .
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When you have trouble getting
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.Nm
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working, check this file to see if
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.Nm
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has any clues to the trouble.
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.Sh OPTIONS
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All of these options, except
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.Fl config
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itself, specify values that can also be specified in the configuration file
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as resources.
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl config Ar configuration_file
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Names the configuration file, which specifies resources to control
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the behavior of
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.Nm .
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.Pa XENODMDIR/xenodm-config
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is the default.
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See the section
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.Sx CONFIGURATION FILE .
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.It Fl nodaemon
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Specifies
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.Cm false
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as the value for the
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.Ic DisplayManager.daemonMode
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resource.
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This suppresses the normal daemon behavior, which is for
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.Nm
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to close all file descriptors,
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disassociate itself from the controlling terminal,
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and put itself in the background when it first starts up.
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.It Fl debug Ar debug_level
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Specifies the numeric value for the
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.Ic DisplayManager.debugLevel
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resource.
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A non-zero value causes
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.Nm
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to print lots of debugging statements to the terminal; it also disables the
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.Ic DisplayManager.daemonMode
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resource, forcing
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.Nm
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to run synchronously.
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To interpret these debugging messages, a copy of the source code for
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.Nm
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is almost a necessity.
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No attempt has been made to rationalize or standardize the output.
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.It Fl error Ar error_log_file
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Specifies the value for the
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.Ic DisplayManager.errorLogFile
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resource.
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This file contains errors from
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.Nm
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as well as anything written to
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.Dv stderr
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by the various scripts and programs run during the progress of the session.
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.It Fl resources Ar resource_file
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Specifies the value for the
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.Ic DisplayManager*resources
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resource.
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This file is loaded using
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.Xr xrdb 1
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to specify configuration parameters for the authentication widget.
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.It Fl server Ar server_entry
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Specifies the value for the
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.Ic DisplayManager.servers
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resource.
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See the section
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.Sx LOCAL SERVER SPECIFICATION
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for a description of this resource.
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.It Fl session Ar session_program
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Specifies the value for the
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.Ic DisplayManager*session
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resource.
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This indicates the program to run as the session after the user has logged in.
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.It Fl xrm Ar resource_specification
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Allows an arbitrary resource to be specified, as in most X Toolkit applications.
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.El
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.Sh RESOURCES
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At many stages the actions of
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.Nm
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can be controlled through the use of its configuration file, which is in the
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X resource format.
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Some resources modify the behavior of
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.Nm
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on all displays, while others modify its behavior on a single display.
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|
Where actions relate to a specific display,
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the display name is inserted into the resource name between
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.Dq DisplayManager
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and the final resource name segment.
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.Pp
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For local displays, the resource name and class are as read from the
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.Pa Xservers
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file.
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.Pp
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Because the resource manager uses colons to separate the name of the resource
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from its value and dots to separate resource name parts,
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.Nm
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substitutes underscores for both dots and colons when generating the resource
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name.
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|
For example,
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.Ic DisplayManager.expo_x_org_0.startup
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is the name of the resource which defines the startup shell file for the
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.Dq expo.x.org:0
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display.
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Ic DisplayManager.servers
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This resource either specifies a file name full of server entries, one per
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line (if the value starts with a slash), or a single server entry.
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See the section
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.Sx LOCAL SERVER SPECIFICATION
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for the details.
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.It Ic DisplayManager.errorLogFile
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Error output is normally directed at the system console.
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To redirect it, set this resource to a file name.
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|
A method to send these messages to
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.Xr syslog 3
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|
should be developed for systems which support it; however, the wide variety
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|
of interfaces precludes any system-independent implementation.
|
|
This file also contains any output directed to
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.Dv stderr
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by the
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.Pa Xsetup , Xstartup , Xsession
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and
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.Pa Xreset
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files, so it will contain descriptions of problems in those scripts as well.
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.It Ic DisplayManager.debugLevel
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If the integer value of this resource is greater than zero,
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reams of debugging information will be printed.
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|
It also disables daemon mode, which would redirect the information into
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the bit-bucket, and allows non-root users to run
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.Nm ,
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|
which would normally not be useful.
|
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.It Ic DisplayManager.daemonMode
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|
Normally,
|
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.Nm
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|
attempts to make itself into a daemon process unassociated with any terminal.
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This is accomplished by forking and leaving the parent process to exit,
|
|
then closing file descriptors and releasing the controlling terminal.
|
|
In some environments this is not desired (in particular, when debugging).
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|
Setting this resource to
|
|
.Cm false
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|
will disable this feature.
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager.authDir
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|
This names a directory under which
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.Nm
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|
stores authorization files while initializing the session.
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|
The default value is
|
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.Pa XENODMXAUTHDIR .
|
|
Can be overridden for specific displays by
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.Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .authFile .
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.It Ic DisplayManager.autoRescan
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This boolean controls whether
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.Nm
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rescans the configuration, servers, access control and authentication keys
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|
files after a session terminates and the files have changed.
|
|
By default it is
|
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.Cm true .
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|
You can force
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.Nm
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to reread these files by sending a
|
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.Dv SIGHUP
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to the main process.
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager.exportList
|
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A list of additional environment variables, separated by white space,
|
|
to pass on to the
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.Pa Xsetup , Xstartup , Xsession ,
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and
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.Pa Xreset
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programs.
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .autoLogin
|
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This resource specifies the name of an user that will be logged in
|
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automatically, without displaying the xlogin widget.
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|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .resources
|
|
This resource specifies the name of the file to be loaded by
|
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.Xr xrdb 1
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as the resource database onto the root window of screen 0 of the display.
|
|
The
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.Pa Xsetup
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program and the Login widget will use the resources set in this file.
|
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This resource database is loaded just before the authentication procedure
|
|
is started, so it can control the appearance of the login window.
|
|
See the section
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.Sx AUTHENTICATION WIDGET ,
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|
which describes the various resources
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that are appropriate to place in this file.
|
|
There is no default value for this resource, but
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.Pa XENODMDIR/Xresources
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is the conventional name.
|
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.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .xrdb
|
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Specifies the program used to load the resources.
|
|
By default,
|
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.Nm
|
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uses
|
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.Pa BINDIR/xrdb .
|
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.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .cpp
|
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This specifies the name of the C preprocessor which is used by
|
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.Xr xrdb 1 .
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .setup
|
|
This specifies a program which is run (as root) before offering the
|
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Login window.
|
|
This may be used to change the appearance of the screen
|
|
around the Login window or to put up other windows (e.g., you may want
|
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to run
|
|
.Xr xconsole 1
|
|
here).
|
|
By default, no program is run.
|
|
The conventional name for a file used here is
|
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.Pa Xsetup .
|
|
See the section
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.Sx SETUP PROGRAM .
|
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.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .startup
|
|
This specifies a program which is run (as root) after the authentication
|
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process succeeds.
|
|
By default, no program is run.
|
|
The conventional name for a file used here is
|
|
.Pa Xstartup .
|
|
See the section
|
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.Sx STARTUP PROGRAM .
|
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.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .session
|
|
This specifies the session to be executed (not running as root).
|
|
By default,
|
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.Pa BINDIR/xterm
|
|
is run.
|
|
The conventional name is
|
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.Pa Xsession .
|
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See the section
|
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.Sx SESSION PROGRAM .
|
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.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .reset
|
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This specifies a program which is run (as root) after the session terminates.
|
|
By default, no program is run.
|
|
The conventional name is
|
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.Pa Xreset .
|
|
See the section
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.Sx RESET PROGRAM .
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.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .openDelay
|
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.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .openRepeat
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.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .openTimeout
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|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .startAttempts
|
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.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .reservAttempts
|
|
These numeric resources control the behavior of
|
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.Nm
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|
when attempting to open intransigent servers.
|
|
.Ic openDelay
|
|
is the length of the pause in seconds between successive attempts,
|
|
.Ic openRepeat
|
|
is the number of attempts to make,
|
|
.Ic openTimeout
|
|
is the amount of time to wait while actually attempting the open
|
|
(i.e., the maximum time spent in the
|
|
.Xr connect 2
|
|
system call) and
|
|
.Ic startAttempts
|
|
is the number of times this entire process is done
|
|
before giving up on the server.
|
|
After
|
|
.Ic openRepeat
|
|
attempts have been made, or if
|
|
.Ic openTimeout
|
|
seconds elapse in any particular attempt,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
terminates and restarts the server, attempting to connect again.
|
|
This process is repeated
|
|
.Ic startAttempts
|
|
times, at which point the display is declared dead and disabled.
|
|
Although this behavior may seem arbitrary,
|
|
it has been empirically developed and works quite well on most systems.
|
|
The bound
|
|
.Ic reservAttempts
|
|
is the number of times a successful connect is allowed to be followed
|
|
by a fatal error.
|
|
When reached, the display is disabled.
|
|
The default values are
|
|
.Ic openDelay :
|
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15,
|
|
.Ic openRepeat :
|
|
5,
|
|
.Ic openTimeout :
|
|
120,
|
|
.Ic startAttempts :
|
|
4 and
|
|
.Ic reservAttempts :
|
|
2.
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .terminateServer
|
|
This boolean resource specifies whether the X server should be terminated
|
|
when a session terminates (instead of resetting it).
|
|
This option can be used when the server tends to grow without bound over time,
|
|
in order to limit the amount of time the server is run.
|
|
The default value is
|
|
.Cm false .
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .userPath
|
|
.Nm
|
|
sets the
|
|
.Ev PATH
|
|
environment variable for the session to this value.
|
|
It should be a colon separated list of directories; see
|
|
.Xr sh 1
|
|
for a full description.
|
|
The default value is
|
|
.Dq DEF_USER_PATH .
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .systemPath
|
|
.Nm
|
|
sets the
|
|
.Ev PATH
|
|
environment variable for the startup and reset scripts to the
|
|
value of this resource.
|
|
The default for this resource is
|
|
.Dq DEF_SYSTEM_PATH .
|
|
Note the absence of
|
|
.Ql \&.
|
|
from this entry.
|
|
This is a good practice to follow for root;
|
|
it avoids many common Trojan Horse system penetration schemes.
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .systemShell
|
|
.Nm
|
|
sets the
|
|
.Ev SHELL
|
|
environment variable for the startup and reset scripts to the
|
|
value of this resource.
|
|
It is
|
|
.Pa /bin/sh
|
|
by default.
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .failsafeClient
|
|
If the default session fails to execute,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will fall back to this program.
|
|
This program is executed with no arguments,
|
|
but executes using the same environment variables as the session would have had
|
|
(see the section
|
|
.Sx SESSION PROGRAM ) .
|
|
By default,
|
|
.Pa BINDIR/xterm
|
|
is used.
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .grabServer
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .grabTimeout
|
|
To improve security,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
grabs the server and keyboard while reading the login name and password.
|
|
The
|
|
.Ic grabServer
|
|
resource specifies if the server should be held
|
|
for the duration of the name/password reading.
|
|
When
|
|
.Cm false ,
|
|
the server is ungrabbed after the keyboard grab succeeds,
|
|
otherwise the server is grabbed until just before the session begins.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Cm false .
|
|
The
|
|
.Ic grabTimeout
|
|
resource specifies the maximum time
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will wait for the grab to succeed.
|
|
The grab may fail if some other client has the server grabbed,
|
|
or possibly if the network latencies are very high.
|
|
This resource has a default value of 3 seconds; you should be cautious when
|
|
raising it, as a user can be spoofed by a look-alike window on the display.
|
|
If the grab fails,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
kills and restarts the server (if possible) and the session.
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .authorize
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .authName
|
|
.Ic authorize
|
|
is a boolean resource which controls whether
|
|
.Nm
|
|
generates and uses authorization for the local server connections.
|
|
If
|
|
authorization is used,
|
|
.Ic authName
|
|
is a list of authorization mechanisms to use, separated by white space.
|
|
When
|
|
.Ic authorize
|
|
is set for a display and authorization is not available, the user is informed
|
|
by having a different message displayed in the login widget.
|
|
By default,
|
|
.Ic authorize
|
|
is
|
|
.Cm true ,
|
|
.Ic authName
|
|
is
|
|
.Dq MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 ,
|
|
or, if
|
|
XDM-AUTHORIZATION-1 is available,
|
|
.Dq XDM-AUTHORIZATION-1 MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 .
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .authFile
|
|
This file is used to communicate the authorization data from
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to the server, using the
|
|
.Fl auth
|
|
server command line option.
|
|
It should be kept in a directory which is not world-writable as it could easily
|
|
be removed, disabling the authorization mechanism in the server.
|
|
If not specified, a name is generated from DisplayManager.authDir and
|
|
the name of the display.
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .authComplain
|
|
If set to
|
|
.Cm false ,
|
|
disables the use of the
|
|
.Ic unsecureGreeting
|
|
in the login window.
|
|
See the section
|
|
.Sx AUTHENTICATION WIDGET .
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Cm true .
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .resetSignal
|
|
The number of the signal
|
|
.Nm
|
|
sends to reset the server.
|
|
See the section
|
|
.Sx CONTROLLING THE SERVER .
|
|
The default is 1
|
|
.Pq Dv SIGHUP .
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .termSignal
|
|
The number of the signal
|
|
.Nm
|
|
sends to terminate the server.
|
|
See the section
|
|
.Sx CONTROLLING THE SERVER .
|
|
The default is 15
|
|
.Pq Dv SIGTERM .
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .resetForAuth
|
|
The original implementation of authorization in the sample server reread the
|
|
authorization file at server reset time,
|
|
instead of when checking the initial connection.
|
|
As
|
|
.Nm
|
|
generates the authorization information just before connecting to the display,
|
|
an old server would not get up-to-date authorization information.
|
|
This resource causes
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to send
|
|
.Dv SIGHUP
|
|
to the server after setting up the file, causing an additional server reset
|
|
to occur, during which time the new authorization information will be read.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Cm false ,
|
|
which will work for all MIT servers.
|
|
.It Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .userAuthDir
|
|
When
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is unable to write to the usual user authorization file
|
|
.Pq Pa $HOME/.Xauthority ,
|
|
it creates a unique file name in this directory and points the environment
|
|
variable
|
|
.Ev XAUTHORITY
|
|
at the created file.
|
|
It uses
|
|
.Pa /tmp
|
|
by default.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh CONFIGURATION FILE
|
|
First, the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
configuration file should be set up.
|
|
Make a directory (usually
|
|
.Pa XENODMDIR )
|
|
to contain all of the relevant files.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Here is a reasonable configuration file, which could be named
|
|
.Pa xenodm-config :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset Ds
|
|
DisplayManager.servers: XENODMDIR/Xservers
|
|
DisplayManager.errorLogFile: XENODMLOGDIR/xenodm.log
|
|
DisplayManager*resources: XENODMDIR/Xresources
|
|
DisplayManager*startup: XENODMDIR/Xstartup
|
|
DisplayManager*session: XENODMDIR/Xsession
|
|
DisplayManager._0.authorize: true
|
|
DisplayManager*authorize: false
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Note that this file mostly contains references to other files.
|
|
Note also that some of the resources are specified with
|
|
.Ql *
|
|
separating the components.
|
|
These resources can be made unique for each different display, by replacing the
|
|
.Ql *
|
|
with the display-name, but normally this is not very useful.
|
|
See the
|
|
.Sx RESOURCES
|
|
section for a complete discussion.
|
|
.Sh LOCAL SERVER SPECIFICATION
|
|
The resource
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager.servers
|
|
gives a server specification or, if the value starts with a slash
|
|
.Pq Ql / ,
|
|
the name of a file containing server specifications, one per line.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Each specification
|
|
indicates a display which should constantly be managed.
|
|
If the resource or the file named by the resource is empty,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will exit.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Each specification consists of at least three parts:
|
|
a display name, a display class, a display type, and a command
|
|
line to start the server.
|
|
A typical entry for local display number 0 would be:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.D1 :0 local BINDIR/X :0
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The only recognized display type is:
|
|
.Bl -column local -offset indent
|
|
.It Ic local Ta local display: Nm xenodm No will run the server
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The display name must be something that can be passed in the
|
|
.Fl display
|
|
option to an X program.
|
|
This string is used to generate the display-specific resource names,
|
|
so be careful to match the names (e.g., use
|
|
.Dq :0 local BINDIR/X :0
|
|
instead of
|
|
.Dq localhost:0 local BINDIR/X :0
|
|
if your other resources are specified as
|
|
.Dq DisplayManager._0.session ) .
|
|
The display class portion is also used in the display-specific resources,
|
|
as the class of the resource.
|
|
This is
|
|
useful if you have a large collection of similar displays (such as a corral of
|
|
X terminals) and would like to set resources for groups of them.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When
|
|
.Nm
|
|
starts a session, it sets up authorization data for the server.
|
|
For local servers,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
passes
|
|
.Dq Fl auth Ar filename
|
|
on the server's command line to point it at its authorization data.
|
|
.Sh RESOURCES FILE
|
|
The
|
|
.Pa Xresources
|
|
file is loaded onto the display as a resource database using
|
|
.Xr xrdb 1 .
|
|
As the authentication widget reads this database before starting up,
|
|
it usually contains parameters for that widget:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset Ds
|
|
xlogin*login.translations: #override\e
|
|
<Key>F1: set-session-argument(failsafe) finish-field()\en\e
|
|
<Key>Return: set-session-argument() finish-field()
|
|
xlogin*borderWidth: 3
|
|
xlogin*greeting: CLIENTHOST
|
|
#ifdef COLOR
|
|
xlogin*greetColor: CadetBlue
|
|
xlogin*failColor: red
|
|
#endif
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Please note the translations entry;
|
|
it specifies a few new translations for the widget which allow users to escape
|
|
from the default session (and avoid troubles that may occur in it).
|
|
Note that if #override is not specified,
|
|
the default translations are removed and replaced by the new value,
|
|
not a very useful result as some of the default translations are quite useful
|
|
(such as
|
|
.Dq <Key>: insert-char ()
|
|
which responds to normal typing).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This file may also contain resources for the setup program.
|
|
.Sh SETUP PROGRAM
|
|
The
|
|
.Pa Xsetup
|
|
file is run after the server is reset, but before the Login window is offered.
|
|
The file is typically a shell script.
|
|
It is run as root, so should be careful about security.
|
|
This is the place to change the root background or bring up other
|
|
windows that should appear on the screen along with the Login widget.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In addition to any specified by
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager.exportList ,
|
|
the following environment variables are passed:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -offset Ds -width XAUTHORITY -compact
|
|
.It Ev DISPLAY
|
|
the associated display name
|
|
.It Ev PATH
|
|
the value of
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .systemPath
|
|
.It Ev SHELL
|
|
the value of
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .systemShell
|
|
.It Ev XAUTHORITY
|
|
may be set to an authority file
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Note that since
|
|
.Nm
|
|
grabs the keyboard,
|
|
any other windows will not be able to receive keyboard input.
|
|
They will be able to interact with the mouse, however;
|
|
beware of potential security holes here.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .grabServer
|
|
is set,
|
|
.Pa Xsetup
|
|
will not be able to connect to the display at all.
|
|
Resources for this program can be put into the file named by
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .resources .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Here is a sample
|
|
.Pa Xsetup
|
|
script:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset Ds
|
|
#!/bin/sh
|
|
# Xsetup_0 - setup script for one workstation
|
|
xcmsdb < XENODMDIR/monitors/alex.0
|
|
xconsole -geometry 480x130-0-0 -notify -verbose -exitOnFail &
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh AUTHENTICATION WIDGET
|
|
The authentication widget prompts the user for the username, password, and/or
|
|
other required authentication data from the keyboard.
|
|
Nearly every imaginable parameter can be controlled with a resource.
|
|
Resources for this widget should be put into the file named by
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .resources .
|
|
All of these have reasonable default values,
|
|
so it is not necessary to specify any of them.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The resource file is loaded with
|
|
.Xr xrdb 1
|
|
so it may use the substitutions defined by that program such as CLIENTHOST
|
|
for the client hostname in the login message, or C pre-processor #ifdef
|
|
statements to produce different displays depending on color depth or other
|
|
variables.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is compiled with support for the
|
|
.Xr Xft 3
|
|
library for font rendering.
|
|
Font faces are specified using the resources with names ending in
|
|
.Dq face
|
|
in the fontconfig face format described in the
|
|
.Dq Font Names
|
|
section of
|
|
.Xr fonts.conf 5 .
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.width , xlogin.Login.height , xlogin.Login.x , \
|
|
xlogin.Login.y
|
|
The geometry of the Login widget is normally computed automatically.
|
|
If you
|
|
wish to position it elsewhere, specify each of these resources.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.foreground
|
|
The color used to display the input typed by the user.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.face
|
|
The face used to display the input typed by the user.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Dq Serif-18 .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.greeting
|
|
A string which identifies this window.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Dq X Window System .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.unsecureGreeting
|
|
When X authorization is requested in the configuration file for this display
|
|
and none is in use, this greeting replaces the standard greeting.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Dq This is an unsecure session .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.greetFace
|
|
The face used to display the greeting.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Dq Serif-24:italic .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.greetColor
|
|
The color used to display the greeting.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.namePrompt
|
|
The string displayed to prompt for a user name.
|
|
.Xr xrdb 1
|
|
strips trailing white space from resource values, so to add spaces at the end
|
|
of the prompt (usually a nice thing), add spaces escaped with backslashes.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Dq "Login: " .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.passwdPrompt
|
|
The string displayed to prompt for a password, when not using an authentication
|
|
system such as PAM that provides its own prompts.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Dq "Password: " .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.promptFace
|
|
The face used to display prompts.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Dq Serif-18:bold .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.promptColor
|
|
The color used to display prompts.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.changePasswdMessage
|
|
A message which is displayed when the user's password has expired.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Dq Password Change Required .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.fail
|
|
A message which is displayed when the authentication fails, when not using an
|
|
authentication system such as PAM that provides its own prompts.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Dq Login incorrect .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.failFace
|
|
The face used to display the failure message.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Dq Serif-18:bold .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.failColor
|
|
The color used to display the failure message.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.failTimeout
|
|
The number of seconds that the failure message is displayed.
|
|
The default is 10.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.logoFileName
|
|
Name of an XPM format pixmap to display in the greeter window,
|
|
if built with XPM support.
|
|
The default is no pixmap.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.logoPadding
|
|
Number of pixels of space between the logo pixmap and other elements of the
|
|
greeter window, if the pixmap is displayed.
|
|
The default is 5.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.useShape
|
|
If set to
|
|
.Cm true ,
|
|
when built with XPM support, attempt to use
|
|
the X Non-Rectangular Window Shape Extension to set the window shape.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Cm true .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.hiColor , xlogin.Login.shdColor
|
|
Raised appearance bezels may be drawn around
|
|
the greeter frame and text input boxes by setting these resources.
|
|
.Ic hiColor
|
|
is the highlight color, used on the top and left sides of the frame,
|
|
and the bottom and right sides of text input areas.
|
|
.Ic shdColor
|
|
is the shadow color, used on the bottom and right sides of the frame,
|
|
and the top and left sides of text input areas.
|
|
The default for both is the foreground color, providing a flat appearance.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.frameWidth
|
|
.Ic frameWidth
|
|
is the width in pixels of the area around the greeter frame drawn in
|
|
.Ic hiColor
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic shdColor .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.innerFramesWidth
|
|
.Ic innerFramesWidth
|
|
is the width in pixels of the area around text input areas drawn in
|
|
.Ic hiColor
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic shdColor .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.sepWidth
|
|
.Ic sepWidth
|
|
is the width in pixels of the bezeled line between the greeting and input areas
|
|
drawn in
|
|
.Ic hiColor
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic shdColor .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.allowRootLogin
|
|
If set to
|
|
.Cm false ,
|
|
don't allow root (and any other user with uid = 0) to log in directly.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Cm true .
|
|
This setting is only checked by some of the authentication backends at this
|
|
time.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.allowNullPasswd
|
|
If set to
|
|
.Cm true ,
|
|
allow an otherwise failing password match to succeed
|
|
if the account does not require a password at all.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Cm false ,
|
|
so only users that have passwords assigned can log in.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.echoPasswd
|
|
If set to
|
|
.Cm true ,
|
|
a placeholder character
|
|
.Pq Ic echoPasswdChar
|
|
will be shown for fields normally set to not echo, such as password input.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Cm false .
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.echoPasswdChar
|
|
Character to display if
|
|
.Ic echoPasswd
|
|
is true.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Ql * .
|
|
If set to an empty value, the cursor will advance for each character input,
|
|
but no text will be drawn.
|
|
.It Ic xlogin.Login.translations
|
|
This specifies the translations used for the login widget.
|
|
Refer to the X Toolkit documentation for a complete discussion on translations.
|
|
The default translation table is:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset Ds
|
|
Ctrl<Key>H: delete-previous-character() \en\e
|
|
Ctrl<Key>D: delete-character() \en\e
|
|
Ctrl<Key>B: move-backward-character() \en\e
|
|
Ctrl<Key>F: move-forward-character() \en\e
|
|
Ctrl<Key>A: move-to-begining() \en\e
|
|
Ctrl<Key>E: move-to-end() \en\e
|
|
Ctrl<Key>K: erase-to-end-of-line() \en\e
|
|
Ctrl<Key>U: erase-line() \en\e
|
|
Ctrl<Key>X: erase-line() \en\e
|
|
Ctrl<Key>C: restart-session() \en\e
|
|
Ctrl<Key>\e\e: abort-session() \en\e
|
|
<Key>BackSpace: delete-previous-character() \en\e
|
|
<Key>Delete: delete-previous-character() \en\e
|
|
<Key>Return: finish-field() \en\e
|
|
<Key>Escape: erase-line() \en\e
|
|
<Key>: insert-char() \e
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The actions which are supported by the widget are:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ic delete-previous-character
|
|
Erases the character before the cursor.
|
|
.It Ic delete-character
|
|
Erases the character after the cursor.
|
|
.It Ic move-backward-character
|
|
Moves the cursor backward.
|
|
.It Ic move-forward-character
|
|
Moves the cursor forward.
|
|
.It Ic move-to-begining
|
|
(Apologies about the spelling error.)
|
|
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the editable text.
|
|
.It Ic move-to-end
|
|
Moves the cursor to the end of the editable text.
|
|
.It Ic erase-to-end-of-line
|
|
Erases all text after the cursor.
|
|
.It Ic erase-line
|
|
Erases the entire text.
|
|
.It Ic finish-field
|
|
If the cursor is in the name field, proceeds to the password field;
|
|
if the cursor is in the password field, checks the current name/password pair.
|
|
If the name/password pair is valid,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
starts the session.
|
|
Otherwise the failure message is displayed and the user is prompted again.
|
|
.It Ic abort-session
|
|
Terminates and restarts the server.
|
|
.It Ic abort-display
|
|
Terminates the server, disabling it.
|
|
This action is not accessible in the default configuration.
|
|
There are various reasons to stop
|
|
.Nm
|
|
on a system console, such as when shutting the system down,
|
|
or to generally access the console.
|
|
Sending
|
|
.Nm
|
|
a
|
|
.Dv SIGHUP
|
|
will restart the display.
|
|
See the section
|
|
.Sx CONTROLLING XENODM .
|
|
.It Ic restart-session
|
|
Resets the X server and starts a new session.
|
|
This can be used when
|
|
the resources have been changed and you want to test them or when
|
|
the screen has been overwritten with system messages.
|
|
.It Ic insert-char
|
|
Inserts the character typed.
|
|
.It Ic set-session-argument
|
|
Specifies a single word argument which is passed to the session at startup.
|
|
See the section
|
|
.Sx SESSION PROGRAM .
|
|
.It Ic allow-all-access
|
|
Disables access control in the server.
|
|
This can be used when the
|
|
.Pa .Xauthority
|
|
file cannot be created by
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
Be very careful using this;
|
|
it might be better to disconnect the machine from the network
|
|
before doing this.
|
|
.El
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
On some systems
|
|
.Pq Ox
|
|
the user's shell must be listed in
|
|
.Pa /etc/shells
|
|
to allow login through xenodm.
|
|
The normal password and account expiration dates are enforced too.
|
|
.Sh STARTUP PROGRAM
|
|
The
|
|
.Pa Xstartup
|
|
program is run as root when the user logs in.
|
|
It is typically a shell script.
|
|
Since it is run as root,
|
|
.Pa Xstartup
|
|
should be very careful about security.
|
|
This is the place to put commands which add entries to
|
|
.Xr utmp 5
|
|
or
|
|
.Xr wtmp 5
|
|
files (the
|
|
.Xr sessreg 1
|
|
program may be useful here), mount users' home directories from file servers,
|
|
or abort the session if logins are not allowed.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In addition to any specified by
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager.exportList ,
|
|
the following environment variables are passed:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width WINDOWPATH -compact -offset Ds
|
|
.It Ev DISPLAY
|
|
the associated display name
|
|
.It Ev HOME
|
|
the initial working directory of the user
|
|
.It Ev LOGNAME
|
|
the user name
|
|
.It Ev USER
|
|
the user name
|
|
.It Ev PATH
|
|
the value of
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .systemPath
|
|
.It Ev SHELL
|
|
the value of
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .systemShell
|
|
.It Ev XAUTHORITY
|
|
may be set to an authority file
|
|
.It Ev WINDOWPATH
|
|
may be set to the window path leading to the X server
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
No arguments are passed to the script.
|
|
.Nm
|
|
waits until this script exits before starting the user session.
|
|
If the exit value of this script is non-zero,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
discontinues the session and starts another authentication cycle.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The sample
|
|
.Pa Xstartup
|
|
file shown here prevents login while the file
|
|
.Pa /etc/nologin
|
|
exists.
|
|
Thus this is not a complete example,
|
|
but simply a demonstration of the available functionality.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Here is a sample
|
|
.Pa Xstartup
|
|
script:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset Ds
|
|
#!/bin/sh
|
|
#
|
|
# Xstartup
|
|
#
|
|
# This program is run as root after the user is verified
|
|
#
|
|
if [ -f /etc/nologin ]; then
|
|
xmessage -file /etc/nologin -timeout 30 -center
|
|
exit 1
|
|
fi
|
|
sessreg -a -l $DISPLAY -x XENODMDIR/Xservers $LOGNAME
|
|
XENODMDIR/GiveConsole
|
|
exit 0
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh SESSION PROGRAM
|
|
The
|
|
.Pa Xsession
|
|
program is the command which is run as the user's session.
|
|
It is run with the permissions of the authorized user.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In addition to any specified by
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager.exportList ,
|
|
the following environment variables are passed:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -compact -width WINDOWPATH -offset Ds
|
|
.It Ev DISPLAY
|
|
the associated display name
|
|
.It Ev HOME
|
|
the initial working directory of the user
|
|
.It Ev LOGNAME
|
|
the user name
|
|
.It Ev USER
|
|
the user name
|
|
.It Ev PATH
|
|
the value of
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .userPath
|
|
.It Ev SHELL
|
|
the user's default shell (from
|
|
.Xr getpwnam 3 )
|
|
.It Ev XAUTHORITY
|
|
may be set to a non-standard authority file
|
|
.It Ev WINDOWPATH
|
|
may be set to the window path leading to the X server
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
At most installations,
|
|
.Pa Xsession
|
|
should look in
|
|
.Pa $HOME
|
|
for a file
|
|
.Pa .xsession ,
|
|
which contains commands that each user would like to use as a session.
|
|
.Pa Xsession
|
|
should also implement a system default session
|
|
if no user-specified session exists.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
An argument may be passed to this program from the authentication widget
|
|
using the
|
|
.Ic set-session-argument
|
|
action.
|
|
This can be used to select different styles of session.
|
|
One good use of this feature is to allow
|
|
the user to escape from the ordinary session when it fails.
|
|
This allows users to repair their own
|
|
.Pa .xsession
|
|
if it fails, without requiring administrative intervention.
|
|
The example following demonstrates this feature.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This example recognizes the special failsafe mode,
|
|
specified in the translations in the
|
|
.Pa Xresources
|
|
file, to provide an escape from the ordinary session.
|
|
It also requires that the
|
|
.Pa .xsession
|
|
file be executable so we don't have to guess what shell it wants to use.
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset Ds
|
|
#!/bin/sh
|
|
#
|
|
# Xsession
|
|
#
|
|
# This is the program that is run as the client
|
|
# for the display manager.
|
|
|
|
case $# in
|
|
1)
|
|
case $1 in
|
|
failsafe)
|
|
exec xterm -geometry 80x24-0-0
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
esac
|
|
|
|
startup=$HOME/.xsession
|
|
resources=$HOME/.Xresources
|
|
|
|
if [ -f "$startup" ]; then
|
|
exec "$startup"
|
|
else
|
|
if [ -f "$resources" ]; then
|
|
xrdb -load "$resources"
|
|
fi
|
|
xclock -geometry 100x100-0+0 &
|
|
xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls &
|
|
exec twm
|
|
fi
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The user's
|
|
.Pa .xsession
|
|
file might look something like this example.
|
|
Don't forget that the file must have execute permission.
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset Ds
|
|
#! /bin/sh
|
|
xrdb -merge "$HOME/.Xresources"
|
|
emacs -geometry +0+50 &
|
|
xbiff -geometry -430+5 &
|
|
xterm -geometry -0+50 -ls &
|
|
exec twm
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh RESET PROGRAM
|
|
Symmetrical with
|
|
.Pa Xstartup ,
|
|
the
|
|
.Pa Xreset
|
|
script is run after the user session has terminated.
|
|
Run as root, it should contain commands that undo the effects of commands in
|
|
.Pa Xstartup ,
|
|
updating entries in
|
|
.Xr utmp 5
|
|
or
|
|
.Xr wtmp 5
|
|
files, or unmounting directories from file servers.
|
|
The environment variables that were passed to
|
|
.Pa Xstartup
|
|
are also passed to
|
|
.Pa Xreset .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A sample
|
|
.Pa Xreset
|
|
script:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset Ds
|
|
#!/bin/sh
|
|
#
|
|
# Xreset
|
|
#
|
|
# This program is run as root after the session ends
|
|
#
|
|
sessreg -d -l $DISPLAY -x XENODMDIR/Xservers $LOGNAME
|
|
XENODMDIR/TakeConsole
|
|
exit 0
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh CONTROLLING THE SERVER
|
|
.Nm
|
|
controls local servers using POSIX signals.
|
|
.Dv SIGHUP
|
|
is expected to reset the server,
|
|
closing all client connections and performing other cleanup duties.
|
|
.Dv SIGTERM
|
|
is expected to terminate the server.
|
|
If these signals do not perform the expected actions, the resources
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .resetSignal
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager. Ns Ar DISPLAY Ns Ic .termSignal
|
|
can specify alternate signals.
|
|
.Sh CONTROLLING XENODM
|
|
.Nm
|
|
responds to two signals:
|
|
.Dv SIGHUP
|
|
and
|
|
.Dv SIGTERM .
|
|
When sent a
|
|
.Dv SIGHUP ,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
rereads the configuration file, the access control file, and the servers file.
|
|
For the servers file, it notices if entries have been added or removed.
|
|
If a new entry has been added,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
starts a session on the associated display.
|
|
Entries which have been removed are disabled immediately,
|
|
meaning that any session in progress will be terminated without notice
|
|
and no new session will be started.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When sent a
|
|
.Dv SIGTERM ,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
terminates all sessions in progress and exits.
|
|
This can be used when shutting down the system.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Nm
|
|
attempts to mark its various sub-processes for
|
|
.Xr ps 1
|
|
by editing the command line argument list in place.
|
|
Because
|
|
.Nm
|
|
can't allocate additional space for this task, it is useful to start
|
|
.Nm
|
|
with a reasonably long command line
|
|
(using the full path name should be enough).
|
|
Each process which is servicing a display is marked
|
|
.Fl Ns Ar display .
|
|
.Sh ADDITIONAL LOCAL DISPLAYS
|
|
To add an additional local display, add a line for it to the
|
|
.Pa Xservers
|
|
file.
|
|
(See the section
|
|
.Sx LOCAL SERVER SPECIFICATION . )
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Examine the display-specific resources in
|
|
.Pa xenodm-config
|
|
(e.g.,
|
|
.Ic DisplayManager._0.authorize )
|
|
and consider which of them should be copied for the new display.
|
|
The default
|
|
.Pa xenodm-config
|
|
has all the appropriate lines for displays :0 and :1.
|
|
.Sh OTHER POSSIBILITIES
|
|
You can use
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to run a single session at a time, using the 4.3
|
|
.Xr init 8
|
|
options or other suitable daemon by specifying the server on the command line:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.D1 xenodm -server \(dq:0 local BINDIR/X :0\(dq
|
|
.Sh LIMITATIONS
|
|
One thing that
|
|
.Nm
|
|
isn't very good at doing is coexisting with other window systems.
|
|
To use multiple window systems on the same hardware, you'll probably be more
|
|
interested in
|
|
.Xr xinit 1 .
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
|
|
.It Pa XENODMDIR/xenodm-config
|
|
the default configuration file
|
|
.It Pa $HOME/.Xauthority
|
|
user authorization file where
|
|
.Nm
|
|
stores keys for clients to read
|
|
.It Pa BINDIR/xrdb
|
|
the default resource database loader
|
|
.It Pa BINDIR/X
|
|
the default server
|
|
.It Pa BINDIR/xterm
|
|
the default session program and failsafe client
|
|
.It Pa XENODMXAUTHDIR/A Ns Ar display Ns - Ns Ar suffix
|
|
the default place for authorization files
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr sessreg 1 ,
|
|
.Xr xauth 1 ,
|
|
.Xr xinit 1 ,
|
|
.Xr xrdb 1 ,
|
|
.Xr Xserver 1 ,
|
|
.Xr fonts.conf 5 ,
|
|
.Xr X 7 ,
|
|
.Xr Xsecurity 7
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%T X Display Manager Control Protocol
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%A R. Hinden
|
|
.%A S. Deering
|
|
.%D February 2006
|
|
.%R RFC 4291
|
|
.%T IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Sh AUTHOR
|
|
Keith Packard, MIT X Consortium
|