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The X Input Extension
Version 2.0
Peter Hutterer
peter.hutterer@redhat.com
Red Hat, Inc.
1. Introduction
The X Input Extension version 2.0 (XI2) is the second major release of the X
Input Extension.
XI2 provides a number of enhancements over version 1.5, including:
- use of XGE and GenericEvents. GenericEvents are of flexible length with a
minimum length of 32 bytes.
- explicit device hierarchy of master and slave devices. See Section 4.
- use of multiple independent master devices (Multi-Poiner X or MPX).
- the ability for devices to change capabilities at runtime.
- raw device events
XI2's intent is to replace both core input processing and prior versions of
the X Input Extension. Historically, the majority of applications employed the
core protocol requests and events to handle user input. The core protocol does
not provide information about which device generated the event. The X Input
Extension version up to 1.5 requires the differentiation between core and
extended devices. Extended devices may not be core devices and thus cannot be
used on applications employing the core protocol. XI2 addresses both of these
issues by enabling devices to be both extended and core devices and providing
device information in each event (with the exception of core events).
❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧
2. Notations used in this document
Notation for requests:
┌───
Name of request
name of request field: type of request field
name of request field: type of request field
▶
name of reply field: type of reply field
└───
Notation for events:
┌───
Name of event
name of field: type of field
name of field: type of field
└───
Complex fields are specified in the following notation:
name of field: COMPLEXFIELDTYPE
or, if multiple of these fields exist:
name of field: LISTofCOMPLEXFIELDTYPE
COMPLEXFIELDTYPE: { name of subfield: type of subfield,
name of subfield: type of subfield }
❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧
3. Interoperability between version 1.x and 2.0
There is little interaction between 1.x and 2.x versions of the X Input
Extension. Clients are requested to avoid mixing XI1.x and XI2 code as much as
possible. Several direct incompatibilities are observable:
3.1 Limitations resulting from different variable ranges
XI2 provides a larger range for some fields than XI1. As a result, XI1 clients
may not receive data an XI2 client receives.
These fields include:
- devices with a deviceid of greater than 127 are invisible to XI1 clients.
- key events and key grabs featuring larger than 255 can only be sent to XI2
clients.
- no subpixel information is avialable to XI1 clients. If motion events are in
a subpixel range only, the server may omit these events and an XI 1.x client
will not receive events until the pixel boundary is crossed.
3.2 Blocking of grabs
XI1 grabs are different to XI2 grab and a device may not be grabbed through an
XI2 grab if an XI1 grab is currently active on this device or vice versa.
Likewise, a keycode or button already grabbed by an XI 1.x or XI2 client may
not be grabbed with the same modifier combination by an XI2 or XI 1.x client,
respectively.
3.3 Invisibility of Master Devices
XI 1.x was not designed with support for multiple master devices (see Section
4). As a result, only the first master pointer and master keyboard are visible
to XI 1.x clients, all other master devices are invisible and cannot be
accessed from XI 1.x calls.
❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧
4. The Master/Slave device hierarchy
XI2 introduces a device hierarchy split up into so-called Master Devices (MD)
and Slave Devices (SD).
4.1 Master devices
An MD is a virtual device created and managed by the server. MDs may send core
events and XI events. However, an MD does not represent a physical device and
relies on SDs for event generation. MDs come in two forms: as master pointers
or as master keyboards. A master pointer is represented by a visible cursor on
the screen. A master keyboard is represented by a keyboard focus.
Each master pointer is paired with the respective master keyboard and vice
versa, and this pairing is constant for the lifetime of both input devices.
Clients can use this pairing behaviour to implement input paradigms that
require pointer and keyboard interation (e.g. SHIFT + Click).
4.2 Slave devices
An SD is usually a physical device configured in the server. SDs are not
represented by a cursor or keyboard focus and may be attached to a master
pointer or master keyboard. SDs can only be attached to any master of the same
type (e.g. a physical pointer device can be attached to any master pointer).
If an event is generated by an SD
- if the SD is attached to a master pointer, it changes the position and/or
button state of the master pointer.
- if the SD is attached to a master keyboard, it sends events to this
keyboard's focus window (if applicable) and/or changes the modifier state of
this keyboard.
- if the SD is not attached to an MD ("floating"), it does not change
any master device. The SD has its own (invisible) sprite and its own focus.
Both the sprite and the focus must be managed explicitly by the client
program.
4.3 Event processing for attached slave devices
Whenever an SD changes its logical state,
- the event is delivered as an XI event to any interested clients. If the
device is floating, event processing stops.
Otherwise, if the device is attached,
- the master device changes its classes to reflect the SD's capabilities. All
interested clients are notified of this device change.
- then, the event is delivered as an XI event from the MD to any interested
clients. If the event has been delivered, event processing stops.
Otherwise,
- the event is delivered as a core event to any interested clients.
Given that W is the event window, and P the parent window of W, event delivery
to P is only attempted if neither the XI event, nor the core event has been
delivered on W. Once an event has been delivered as either XI or core event,
event processing stops.
4.4. The ClientPointer principle
Many core protocol and some extension requests are ambiguous when multiple
master devices are available (e.g. QueryPointer does not specfy which pointer).
The X server does not have the knowledge to chose the contextually correct
master device. For each client, one master pointer is designated as this
clients's "ClientPointer". Whenever a client sends an ambiguous request (e.g.
QueryPointer), the ClientPointer or the keyboard paired with the ClientPointer
is chosen to provide the data for this request.
This ClientPointer may be explicitly assigned to a client with the
SetClientPointer call. If no ClientPointer is set when a client issues an
ambiguous request, the server choses one device as the ClientPointer. The
method of chosing a ClientPointer from the available master pointers is
implementation-specific.
If the master pointer currently set as ClientPointer for one or more clients is
removed, the server may either unset the ClientPointer setting or change the
ClientPointer to a different master pointer.
❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧
5. Data types
BUTTONMASK
A binary mask defined as (1 << button number).
A SETofBUTTONMASK is a binary OR of zero or more BUTTONMASK.
DEVICE { DEVICEID, AllDevices, AllMasterDevices }
A DEVICE specifies either a DEVICEID or AllDevices or
AllMasterDevices.
DEVICEID { CARD16 }
A DEVICEID is a numerical ID for a device currently available in the
server. The server may re-use a device ID after a device's removal.
The device IDs 0 and 1 are reserved.
AllDevices ........ 0
AllMasterDevices .. 1
DEVICEUSE { MasterPointer, MasterKeyboard, SlavePointer,
SlaveKeyboard, FloatingSlave }
A DEVICEUSE field specifies the current use of a device in the MD/SD
device hierarchy. See Section 4 for more information.
EVENTMASK
An EVENTMASK is a binary mask defined as (1 << event type).
A SETofEVENTMASK is a binary OR of zero or more EVENTMASK.
FP1616
Fixed point decimal in 16.16 format as one INT16 and one CARD16.
The INT16 contains the integral part, the CARD32 the decimal fraction
shifted by 16.
FP3232
Fixed point decimal in 32.32 format as one INT32 and one CARD32.
The INT32 contains the integral part, the CARD32 the decimal fraction
shifted by 32.
VALUATORMASK
A binary mask defined as (1 << valuator number).
A SETofVALUATORMASK is a binary OR of zero or more VALUATORMASK.
❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧
6. Errors
Errors are sent using core X error reports.
Device
A value for a DEVICE argument does not specify a valid DEVICE.
❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧
7. Requests:
The server does not guarantee that the length of a reply remains constant in
future revisions of XI2. A client must always retrieve the exact length of the
protocol reply from the connection, even if the reply is longer than defined
for the XI2 version supported by the client.
Additional bytes in a request may include data supported in later versions of
XI2. Clients should ignore this data. Padding bytes in XI2 protocol requests
are required to be 0.
7.1 Requests introduced in version 2.0
┌───
XIQueryVersion
major_version: CARD16
minor_version: CARD16
▶
major_version: CARD16
minor_version: CARD16
└───
The client sends the highest supported version to the server and the
server sends the highest version it supports, but no higher than the
requested version. Major versions changes can introduce incompatibilities
in existing functionality, minor version changes introduce only backward
compatible changes. It is the client's responsibility to ensure that the
server supports a version which is compatible with its expectations.
major_version
Major XI2 version.
minor_version
Minor XI2 version.
If major_version is less than 2, a BadValue error occurs.
┌───
XIQueryDevice
DEVICE deviceid
▶
num_devices: CARD16
deviceinfo: LISTofDEVICEINFO
└───
DEVICEINFO { deviceid: DEVICEID
use: DEVICEUSE
attachment: DEVICEID
enabled: BOOL
num_classes: CARD16
name_len: CARD16
name: LISTofCHAR8
classes: LISTofCLASS }
CLASS { BUTTONCLASS, KEYCLASS, AXISCLASS }
BUTTONCLASS { type: ButtonClass
length: CARD16
sourceid: CARD16
buttons_len: CARD16
state: SETofBUTTONMASK
labels: LISTofATOM }
KEYCLASS { type: KeyClass
length: CARD16
sourceid: CARD16
num_keys: CARD16
keys: LISTofCARD32 }
AXISCLASS { type: AxisClass
length: CARD16
sourceid: CARD16
axisnumber: CARD16
label: ATOM
min: FP3232
max: FP3232
value: FP3232
resolution: CARD32 }
XIQueryDevice details information about the requested input devices.
devices
The device to list. If devices is AllDevices, all enabled and
disabled devices are listed. If devices is AllMasterDevices, all
enabled and disabled master devices are listed. If devices is a
valid DEVICE, only this DEVICE is listed and num_devices is 1.
num_devices
The number of deviceinfos returned.
Each deviceinfo is detailed as follows:
deviceid
The unique ID of the device. Device IDs may get re-used when a device
is removed.
use
If the device is a master pointer, use is MasterPointer.
If the device is a master keyboard, use is MasterKeyboard.
If the device is a slave pointer, use is SlavePointer.
If the device is a slave keyboard, use is SlaveKeyboard.
If the device is a floating slave, use is FloatingSlave.
attachment
If the device is a master pointer or a master keyboard, attachment
specifies the paired master keyboard, or the paired master pointer,
respectively. If the device is a non-floating slave device
attachment specifies the master device this device is attached to.
If the device is a floating slave, attachment is undefined.
enabled
Zero if the device is disabled, non-zero otherwise.
num_classes
Number of classes provided.
name_len
Length of the name in bytes not including padding.
classes
Details the available classes provided by the device in an undefined
order.
name
The device's name. padded to a multiple of 4 bytes.
For all classes, type specifies the device class. Clients are required
to ignore unknown device classes. The length field specifies the length
of the class in 4 byte units.
The following classes may occur only once: ButtonClass, KeyClass
ButtonClass:
type
Always ButtonClass.
length
Length in 4 byte units.
sourceid
The device this class originates from.
num_buttons
Number of buttons provided by the device.
labels
List of Atoms specifying the label for each button. An Atom of None
specifies an unlabeled button. Buttons are listed in the device-native
order regardless of the current button mapping.
state
The current button mask for this device after button mapping is
applied. Each bit representing a button is 1 if this button is
logically down, or 0 otherwise. State is a multiple of 4-byte units
and always contains at least num_buttons bits.
KeyClass:
type
Always KeyClass.
length
Length in 4 byte units.
sourceid
The device this class originates from.
num_keys
Number of keycodes provided by the device.
keys
List of keycodes provided.
AxisClass:
type
Always AxisClass.
length
Length in 4 byte units.
sourceid
The device this class originates from.
axisnumber
Axis number of this axis. The axis number is in device-native
order and potential axis mappings are ignored.
label
Atom specifying the axis name. An Atom of None specifies an unlabeled
axis.
min
Minimum value.
max
Minimum value.
resolution
Resolution in counts/meter.
mode
Relative or Absolute.
value
Last published axis value (if mode is absolute).
An axis in Relative mode may specify min and max as a hint to the
client. If no min and max information is available, both must be 0.
┌───
XISelectEvents
window: Window
num_masks: CARD16
masks: LISTofEVENTMASK
└───
EVENTMASK { deviceid: DEVICE,
mask_len: CARD16,
mask: SETofEVENTMASK
window
The window to select the events on.
num_masks
Number of items in masks.
deviceid
Numerical deviceid, or AllDevices, or AllMasterDevices.
mask_len
Length of mask in 4 byte units.
mask
Event mask. An event mask for an event type T is defined as (1 << T).
XISelectEvents selects for XI2 events on window.
If num_masks is 0, a BadValue error occurs.
Each mask sets the (and overwrites a previous) event mask for the DEVICE
specified through deviceid. The device AllDevices or
AllMasterDevices is treated as a separate device by server. A client's
event mask is the union of AllDevices, AllMasterDevices and the
per-device event mask.
The removal of device from the server unsets the event masks for the
device. If an event mask is set for AllDevices or AllMasterDevices, the
event mask is not cleared on device removal and affects all future
devices.
If mask_len is 0, the event mask for the given device is cleared.
The mask for XIHierarchyEvents may only be selected for XIAllDevices.
Setting it for any other device results in a BadValue error.
┌───
XIGetSelectedEvents
window: Window
▶
num_masks: CARD16
masks: LISTofEVENTMASK
└───
window
The window to select the events on.
num_masks
Number of items in masks.
masks
Selected event masks by this client.
Masks are returned on a per-device basis, with masks for AllDevices and
AllMasterDevices returned separately. A client can calculate the
effective mask for a device with a bitwise OR of the AllDevices, the
AllMasterDevices and the device-specific mask.
If num_masks is 0, no events have been selected by this client on the
given window.
┌───
XIQueryPointer
window: Window
deviceid: DEVICEID
▶
root: Window
child: Window
root_x: FP1616
root_y: FP1616
win_x: FP1616
win_y: FP1616
same_screen: BOOL
mods: MODIFIERINFO
group: GROUPINFO
buttons_len: CARD16
buttons: SETofBUTTONMASK
└───
Query a master pointer device for its current position.
root
The root window the pointer is logically on.
child
The child window of window that contains the pointer or None.
root_x
root_y
Pointer position relative to the root window's origin.
win_x
win_y
Pointer position relative to window or 0 if same_screen is false.
same_screen
True if window is on the same screen as the pointer.
mods
XKB modifier state on the paired device.
group
XKB group state on the paired device.
buttons_len
The length of buttons in 4 byte units.
buttons
Button state.
If the device is not a master pointer device or not a floating slave
pointer, a BadDevice error results.
┌───
XIWarpPointer
src_win: Window
dst_win: Window
src_x: FP1616
src_y: FP1616
src_width: INT16
src_height: INT16
dst_x: FP1616
dst_y: FP1616
deviceid: DEVICEID
└───
WarpPointer moves the pointer of deviceid as if the user had moved
the pointer. WarpPointer can only be called for MasterPointer and
FloatingSlave devices.
src_win
If src_window is not None, the move only takes place if src_window
contains the pointer and the pointer is contained in the specified
rectangle of src_window.
dst_win
If dst_win is None, this request moves the pointer by offsets
dst_x/dst_y relative to the current position of the pointer. If
dst_window is a window, this request moves the pointer to
dst_x/dst_y relative to dst_win's origin.
src_x
src_y
src_width
src_height
Specifies the source window rectangle.
dst_x
dst_y
The relative coordinates to move the pointer if dst_win is None, or
the absolute coordinates if dst_win is a window.
deviceid
The device to warp.
This request cannot be used to move the pointer outside the confine-to
window of an active pointer grab. An attempt will only move the pointer as
far as the closest edge of the confine-to window.
This request will generate events just as if the user had instantaneously
moved the pointer.
┌───
XIChangeCursor
win: Window
cursor: Cursor
deviceid: DEVICEID
└───
Change a master pointer's cursor on the specified window.
window
The window.
cursor
The new cursor or None.
deviceid
The master pointer device.
Whenever device enters a window W, the cursor shape is selected in the
following order:
- if the current window has a device cursor C(d) defined for device,
display this cursor C(d).
- otherwise, if the current window has a cursor C(w) defined in the core
protocol's window attributes, display cursor C(w).
- repeat on parent window until a cursor has been found.
The device cursor for a given window is reset once the window is destroyed
or the device is removed, whichever comes earlier.
If deviceid does not specify a master pointer, a BadDevice error
is returned.
┌───
XIChangeHierarchy
num_changes: CARD8
changes: LISTofHIERARCHYCHANGES
└───
HIERARCHYCHANGE { ADDMASTER, REMOVEMASTER, ATTACHSLAVE, DETACHSLAVE }
HIERARCHYCHANGETYPE { AddMaster, RemoveMaster, AttachSlave, DetachSlave }
CHANGEMODE { Float, Attach }
ADDMASTER { type: HIERARCHYCHANGETYPE
length: CARD16
name_len: CARD16
send_core: BOOL
enable: BOOL
name: LISTofCHAR8 }
REMOVEMASTER { type: HIERARCHYCHANGETYPE
length: CARD16
deviceid: DEVICEID
return_mode: CHANGEMODE
return_pointer: DEVICEID
return_keyboard: DEVICEID }
ATTACHSLAVE { type: HIERARCHYCHANGETYPE
length: CARD16
deviceid: DEVICEID
master: DEVICEID }
DETACHSLAVE { type: HIERARCHYCHANGETYPE
length: CARD16
deviceid: DEVICEID }
XIChangeHierarchy allows a client to modify the MD/SD device
hierarchy (see Section 4).
num_changes
The number of changes to apply to the current hierarchy.
changes
The list of changes.
The server processes the changes in the order received from the client and
applies each requested change immediately. If an error occurs, processing
stops at the current change and returns the number of successfully applied
changes in the error.
ADDMASTER creates a pair of master devices.
type
Always AddMaster.
length
Length in 4 byte units.
name_len
Length of name in bytes.
send_core
True if the device should send core events.
enable
True if the device is to be enabled immediately.
name
The name for the new master devices. The master pointer's name is
automatically appended with " pointer", the master keyboard's name is
automatically appended with " keyboard".
REMOVEMASTER removes an existing master device.
type
Always RemoveMaster.
length
Length in 4 byte units.
deviceid
The device to remove.
return_mode
Return mode for attached slave devices.
If return_mode is Float, all slave devices are set to floating.
If return_mode is Attach, slave pointers are attached to
return_pointer and slave keyboards are attached to
return_keyboard.
return_pointer
return_keyboard
The master pointer and master keyboard to attach slave devices to, if
return_mode is Attach. If return_mode is Float, return_pointer
and return_keyboard are undefined.
Removing a master pointer removes the paired master keyboard and vice
versa.
ATTACHSLAVE attaches a slave device to a given master device.
type
Always ChangeAttachment.
length
Length in 4 byte units.
deviceid
Deviceid of the slave device.
master
The new master device to attach this slave device to.
DETACHSLAVE detaches a slave device from its current master device.
type
Always ChangeAttachment.
length
Length in 4 byte units.
deviceid
Deviceid of the slave device.
┌───
XISetClientPointer
win: Window
deviceid: DEVICEID
└───
Set the ClientPointer for the client owning win to the given device.
win
Window or client ID.
deviceid
The master pointer or master keyboard that acts as ClientPointer.
Some protocol requests are ambiguous and the server has to choose a device
to provide data for a request or a reply. By default, the server will
choose a client's ClientPointer device to provide the data, unless the
client currently has a grab on another device. See section 4.4 for more
details.
If win is None, the ClientPointer for this client is set to the given
device. Otherwise, if win is a valid window, the ClientPointer for the
client owning this window is set to the given device. Otherwise, if win is
not a valid window but a client with the client mask equal to win exists,
this client's ClientPointer is set to the given device.
If deviceid does not specify a master pointer or master keyboard, a
BadDevice error is returned.
If window does not specify a valid window or client ID and is not None, a
BadWindow error is returned.
┌───
XIGetClientPointer
win: Window
▶
set: BOOL
deviceid: DEVICEID
└───
Query the ClientPointer for the client owning win.
win
The window or client ID.
set
True if the client has a ClientPointer set.
deviceid
The master pointer that acts as a ClientPointer if set is True.
No difference is made between a ClientPointer set explicitly through
XISetClientPointer and a ClientPointer implicitly assigned by the server
in response to an ambiguous request.
┌───
XISetFocus
focus: Window
deviceid: DEVICEID
time: Time
└───
Set the focus for the given device to the given window. Future key events
from this device are sent to this window.
This request generates FocusIn and FocusOut events.
focus
A viewable window or None.
deviceid
The device to modify the focus window for.
time
Specifies the time to change the focus or CurrentTime.
If focus is None, key events from this device are discarded until a new
focus window is set. If focus is a viewable window, key events from this
device are sent to this window. If the window becomes unviewable, the
window's first viewable ancestor automatically becomes the focus window
and FocusIn and FocusOut events are sent as if a client had changed the
focus window.
This is equivalent to RevertToParent in the core XSetInputFocus window.
This request has no effect if the specified time is earlier than the
current last-focus-change time or is later than the current X server time.
Otherwise, the last-focus-change time is set to the specified time.
┌───
XIGetFocus
deviceid: DEVICEID
▶
focus: Window
└───
Return the current focus window for the given device.
┌───
XIGrabDevice
deviceid: DEVICEID
grab_window: Window
owner_events: BOOL
grab_mode: { Synchronous, Asynchronous }
paired_device_mode: { Synchronous, Asynchronous }
time: TIMESTAMP or CurrentTime
cursor: Cursor
mask_len: CARD16
masks: SETofEVENTMASK
▶
status: Success, AlreadyGrabbed, Frozen, InvalidTime, NotViewable
└───
This request actively grabs control of the specified input device. Further
input events from this device are reported only to the grabbing client.
This request overides any previous active grab by this client for this
device.
deviceid
The device to grab.
grab_window
Events are reported relative to the grab window.
owner_events
Specifies whether event will be reported normally or relative to the
grab window.
grab_mode
Specifies if this device will be frozen as a result of the grab.
paired_device_mode
Specifies if the master device paired with this device will be frozen
as a result of the grab.
time
A valid server time or CurrentTime.
cursor
The cursor to display for the duration of the grab or None.
mask_len
Length of mask in 4 byte units.
mask
Event mask. An event mask for an event type T is defined as (1 << T).
status
Success or the reason why the grab could not be established.
The masks parameter specifies which events the client wishes to receive
while the device is grabbed.
If owner-events is False, input events generated from this device are
reported with respect to grab-window, and are only reported if selected by
being included in the event-list. If owner-events is True, then if a
generated event would normally be reported to this client, it is reported
normally, otherwise the event is reported with respect to the grab-window,
and is only reported if selected by being included in the event-list. For
either value of owner-events, unreported events are discarded.
If grab-mode is Asynchronous, device event processing continues normally.
If the device is currently frozen by this client, then processing of
device events is resumed. If grab-mode is Synchronous, the state of the
grabbed device (as seen by means of the protocol) appears to freeze,
and no further device events are generated by the server until the
grabbing client issues a releasing XIAllowEvents request or until the
device grab is released. Actual device input events are not lost while the
device is frozen; they are simply queued for later processing.
If the device is a slave device, the paired-device-mode is ignored.
Otherwise, if this device is a master device and paired-device-mode is
Asynchronous, event processing is unaffected by activation of the grab. If
this device is a master device and paired-device-mode is Synchronous, the
state of the master device paired with this device (as seen by means of the
protocol) appears to freeze, and no further events are generated by the
server until the grabbing client issues a releasing XIAllowEvents request
or until the device grab is released. Actual events are not lost while the
devices are frozen; they are simply queued for later processing.
If the cursor is not None and the device is a master pointer device, the
cursor will be displayed until the device is ungrabbed.
This request fails and returns:
AlreadyGrabbed: If the device is actively grabbed by some other client.
NotViewable: If grab-window is not viewable.
InvalidTime: If the specified time is earlier than the last-grab-time for
the specified device or later than the current X server time.
Otherwise, the last-grab-time for the specified device is set
to the specified time and CurrentTime is replaced by the
current X server time.
Frozen: If the device is frozen by an active grab of another client.
To release a grab of a device, use XIUngrabDevice.
┌───
XIUngrabDevice
deviceid: DEVICEID
time: TIMESTAMP or CurrentTime
└───
This request releases the device if this client has it actively grabbed
(from either XIGrabDevice or XIPassiveGrabDevice) and
releases any queued events. If any devices were frozen by the grab,
XIUngrabDevice thaws them.
deviceid
The device to grab.
time
A valid server time or CurrentTime.
The request has no effect if the specified time is earlier than the
last-device-grab time or is later than the current server time.
This request generates FocusIn and FocusOut events.
An XIUngrabDevice is performed automatically if the event window for an
active device grab becomes not viewable.
┌───
XIAllowEvents:
deviceid: DEVICEID
time: TIMESTAMP or CurrentTime
event_mode: { AsyncDevice, SyncDevice,
AsyncPairedDevice, SyncPairedDevice,
ReplayDevice, AsyncPair, SyncPair }
└───
The XIAllowEvents request releases some queued events if the client
has caused a device to freeze.
deviceid
The device to grab.
time
A valid server time or CurrentTime.
event_mode
Specifies whether a device is to be thawed and events are to be
replayed.
The request has no effect if the specified time is earlier than the
last-grab time of the most recent active grab for the client, or if the
specified time is later than the current X server time.
The following describes the processing that occurs depending on what constant
you pass to the event-mode argument:
AsyncDevice:
If the specified device is frozen by the client, event processing for that
device continues as usual. If the device is frozen multiple times by the
client on behalf of multiple separate grabs, AsyncDevice thaws for
all.
AsyncDevice has no effect if the specified device is not frozen by the
client, but the device need not be grabbed by the client.
SyncDevice:
If the specified device is frozen and actively grabbed by the client,
event processing for that device continues normally until the next
event is reported to the client. At this time, the specified device
again appears to freeze. However, if the reported event causes the
grab to be released, the specified device does not freeze.
SyncDevice has no effect if the specified device is not frozen by the
client or is not grabbed by the client.
ReplayDevice:
If the specified device is actively grabbed by the client and is frozen
as the result of an event having been sent to the client (either from
the activation of a XIGrabButton or from a previous XIAllowEvents with
mode SyncDevice, but not from a Grab), the grab is released and
that event is completely reprocessed. This time, however, the request
ignores any passive grabs at or above (towards the root) the
grab-window of the grab just released.
The request has no effect if the specified device is not grabbed by
the client or if it is not frozen as the result of an event.
AsyncPairedDevice
If the paired master device is frozen by the client, event processing
for it continues as usual. If the paired device is frozen multiple
times by the client on behalf of multiple separate grabs,
AsyncPairedDevice thaws for all.
AsyncPairedDevice has no effect if the device is not frozen by the
client, but those devices need not be grabbed by the client.
AsyncPairedDevice has no effect if deviceid specifies a slave device.
SyncPairedDevice
If the paired master device is frozen by the client, event processing (for
the paired master device) continues normally until the next button or key
event is reported to the client for the grabbed device (button event for
the grabbed device, key or motion event for the device), at which time
the device again appears to freeze. However, if the reported event causes
the grab to be released, then the device does not freeze.
SyncPairedDevice has no effect if the specified device is not grabbed
by the client or if it is no frozen as the result of an event.
SyncPairedDevice has no effect if deviceid specifies a slave device.
SyncPair
If both the device and the paired master device are frozen by the
client, event processing (for both devices) continues normally until
the next XIButtonPress, XIButtonRelease, XIKeyPress, or XIKeyRelease
event is reported to the client for a grabbed device (button event for
a pointer, key event for a keyboard), at which time the devices again
appear to freeze. However, if the reported event causes the grab to be
released, then the devices do not freeze (but if the other device is
still grabbed, then a subsequent event for it will still cause both
devices to freeze).
SyncPair has no effect unless both the device and the paired master
device are frozen by the client. If the device or paired master device
is frozen twice by the client on behalf of two separate grabs,
SyncPair thaws for both (but a subsequent freeze for SyncPair will
only freeze each device once).
SyncPair has no effect if deviceid specifies a slave device.
AsyncPair
If the device and the paired master device are frozen by the client,
event processing for both devices continues normally. If a device is
frozen twice by the client on behalf of two separate grabs, AsyncBoth
thaws for both. AsyncPair has no effect unless both the device and the
paired master device frozen by the client.
AsyncPair has no effect if deviceid specifies a slave device.
┌───
XIPassiveGrabDevice
deviceid: DEVICE
detail: CARD32
grab_type: GRABTYPE
grab_window: Window
cursor: Cursor
owner_events: Bool
grab_mode: { Synchronous, Asynchronous }
paired_device_mode: { Synchronous, Asynchronous }
num_modifiers: INT16
mask_len: CARD16
masks: SETofEVENTMASK
modifiers: CARD32 or GrabAnyModifier
▶
num_modifiers_return: INT16
modifiers_return: GRABMODIFIERINFO
└───
GRABTYPE { GrabtypeButton, GrabtypeKeycode, GrabtypeEnter,
GrabtypeFocusIn}
GRABMODIFIERINFO { status: Access
modifiers: CARD32 }
Establish an explicit passive grab for a button or keycode
on the specified input device.
cursor
The cursor to display for the duration of the grab. If grab_type
is not GrabtypeButton, this argument is ignored.
deviceid
The device to establish the passive grab on or AllDevices or
AllMasterDevices.
detail
The button number, or key symbol to grab for.
Must be 0 for GrabtypeEnter and GrabtypeFocusIn.
grab_type
The type of grab to establish.
grab_window
Events are reported relative to the grab window.
grab_mode
If grab-mode is Asynchronous, device event processing continues
normally. If the device is currently frozen by this client, then
processing of device events is resumed. If grab-mode is
Synchronous, the state of the grabbed device (as seen by means of
the protocol) appears to freeze, and no further device events are
generated by the server until the grabbing client issues a
releasing XIAllowEvents request or until the device grab is
released. Actual device input events are not lost while the device
is frozen; they are simply queued for later processing.
mask_len
Length of mask in 4 byte units.
mask
Event mask. An event mask for an event type T is defined as (1 << T).
modifiers
XKB modifier state to activate this passive grab.
num_modifiers
Number of elements in modifiers.
owner_events
Specifies whether event will be reported normally or relative to the
grab window.
num_modifiers_return
Number of elements in modifiers_return
modifiers_return
XKB modifier state that could not be grabbed.
If owner-events is False, input events generated from this device are
reported with respect to grab-window, and are only reported if
selected by being included in the event-list. If owner-events is
True, then if a generated event would normally be reported to this
client, it is reported normally, otherwise the event is reported
with respect to the grab-window, and is only reported if selected
by being included in the event-list. For either value of
owner-events, unreported events are discarded.
If deviceid specifies a master pointer, the modifiers of the paired
master keyboard are used. If deviceid specifies a slave pointer
the modifiers of the master keyboard paired with the attached master
pointers are used. If deviceid specifies a slave keyboard, the
modifiers of the attached master keyboard are used. Note that
activating a grab on a slave device detaches the device from its
master. In this case, the modifiers after activation of the grab are
from the slave device only and may be different to the modifier state
when the grab was triggered.
In the future, if grab_type is GrabtypeButton or GrabtypeKeyboard, the
device is actively grabbed if:
- the device is not grabbed, and
- the specified modifier keys are down, and
- the grab_type is GrabtypeButton and the button specified in detail
is logically pressed or the grab_type is GrabtypeKeycode and the
keycode specified in detail is logically pressed, and
- the grab_window contains the pointer, and
- a passive grab on the same button/keycode + modifier
combination does not exist on an ancestor of grab_window.
Otherwise, if grab_type is GrabtypeEnter or GrabtypeFocusIn, the
device is actively grabbed if:
- the device is not actively grabbed, and
- the specified modifier keys are down, and
- the grab_type is GrabtypeEnter and the device's pointer has moved
into grab_window or a descendant of grab_window, or the grab_type is
GrabtypeFocusIn and the device's focus has been set to the
grab_window or a descendant of grab_window,
- a passive grab of the same grab_type + modifier combination does not
does not exist on an ancestor of grab_window.
A modifier of GrabAnyModifier is equivalent to issuing the request for
all possible modifier combinations (including no modifiers). A client
may request a grab for GrabAnyModifier and explicit modifier
combinations in the same request.
A GrabtypeButton or GrabtypeKeyboard grab is released when all buttons
or keycode are released, independent of the state of modifier keys.
A GrabtypeEnter or GrabtypeFocusIn grab is released when the
pointer or focus leaves the window and all of its descendants,
independent of the state of modifier keys.
Note that the logical state of a device (as seen by means of the
protocol) may lag the physical state if device event processing is
frozen.
This request overrides all previous passive grabs by the same
client on the same button/key/enter/focus in + modifier combinations
on the same window.
If some other client already has issued a XIPassiveGrabDevice request
with the same button or keycode and modifier combination, the
failed modifier combinations is returned in modifiers_return. If some
other client already has issued an XIPassiveGrabDevice request of
grab_type XIGrabtypeEnter or XIGrabtypeFocusIn with the same
grab_window and the same modifier combination, the failed modifier
combinations are returned in modifiers_return. If num_modifiers_return
is zero, all passive grabs have been successful.
If a button grab or enter grab activates, EnterNotify and LeaveNotify
events with mode Grab are generated as if the pointer were to suddenly
warp from its current position some position in the grab_window.
However, the pointer does not warp, and the pointer position is used
as both the initial and final positions for the events.
If a keycode grab or focus grab activates, FocusIn and FocusOut events
with mode Grab are generated as if the focus were to change from the
current window to the grab_window.
If an enter or focus in grab activates, additional EnterNotify events
with mode XIPassiveGrabNotify are generated as if the pointer or focus
were to suddenly warp from its current position to some position in
the grab window. These events are sent to the grabbing client only
and only if the grab event mask has selected for it. If such a passive
grab deactivates, addional LeaveNotify events with mode
XIPassiveUngrabNotify are generated and sent to the grabbing client
before the grab deactivates.
┌───
XIPassiveUngrabDevice
deviceid: DEVICEID
detail: CARD32
grab_type: GRABTYPE
grab_window: Window
num_modifiers: INT16
modifiers: MODIFIERINFO
└───
Release an explicit passive grab on the specified input device.
deviceid
The device to establish the passive grab on.
detail
The button number or key symbol to ungrab.
Must be 0 for GrabtypeEnter and GrabtypeFocusIn.
grab_type
The type of grab to establish.
grab_window
Events are reported relative to the grab window.
modifiers
XKB modifier state to activate this passive grab.
num_modifiers
Number of elements in modifiers.
This request has no effect if the client does not have a passive grab
of the same type, same button or keycode (if applicable) and modifier
combination on the grab_window.
┌───
XIListProperties
deviceid: DEVICEID
▶
num_properties: INT16
properties: LISTofATOM
└───
List the properties associated with the given device.
deviceid
The device to list the properties for.
num_atoms
Number of atoms in the reply
atoms
All properties on the device.
┌───
XIChangeProperty
deviceid: DEVICEID
property: ATOM
type: ATOM
format: { 8, 16, 32 }
mode: { Append, Prepend, Replace }
num_items: CARD32
data: LISTofINT8, or LISTofINT16, or LISTofINT32
└───
Change the given property on the given device.
deviceid
The device to change the property on.
property
The property to modify.
type
The property's type.
mode
One of Append, Prepend, or Replace
num_items
Number of items following this request.
data
Property data (nitems * format/8 bytes)
The type is uninterpreted by the server. The format specifies whether
the data should be viewed as a list of 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit
quantities so that the server can correctly byte-swap as necessary.
If the mode is Replace, the previous propert y value is discarded. If
the mode is Prepend or Append, then the type and format must match the
existing property value (or a Match error results). If the property is
undefined, it is treated as defined with the correct type and format
with zero-length data. For Prepend, the data is tacked on to the
beginning of the existing data, and for Append, it is tacked on to the
end of the existing data.
The lifetime of a property is not tied to the storing client. Properties
remain until explicitly deleted, until the device is removed, or
until server reset.
A property cannot be deleted by setting nitems to zero. To delete a
property, use XIDeleteProperty.
This request generates an XIPropertyEvent.
┌───
XIDeleteProperty
deviceid: DEVICEID
property: ATOM
└───
Deletes the given property on the given device.
deviceid
The device to delete the property on.
property
The property to delete.
If the property is deleted, an XIPropertyEvent is generated on the device.
If the property does not exist, this request does nothing.
┌───
XIGetProperty
deviceid: DEVICEID
property: ATOM
type: Atom or AnyPropertyType
offset: CARD32
len: CARD32
delete: BOOL
▶
type: Atom
bytes_after: CARD32
num_items: CARD32
format: { 8, 16, 32 }
data: LISTofINT8, or LISTofINT16, or LISTofINT32
└───
Get the data for the given property on the given device.
deviceid
The device to retrieve the property data from.
property
The property to retrieve the data from..
type
The property type to retrieve or AnyPropertyType
offset
The offset in 4-byte units.
len
Number of bytes to receive in 4-byte units.
delete
Delete the property after retrieving the data.
bytes_after
Number of unread bytes in the stored property
num_items
Number of items in data
format
8, 16, or 32
data
Property data (nitems * format/8 bytes)
If the specified property does not exist for the specified device, then
the return type is None, the format and bytes-after are zero, and the value is
empty. The delete argument is ignored in this case. If the specified property
exists but its type does not match the specified type, then the return
type is the actual type of the property, the format is the actual format of the
property (never zero), the bytes-after is the length of the property in bytes
(even if the format is 16 or 32), and the value is empty. The delete
argument is ignored in this case. If the specified property exists and
either AnyPropertyType is specified or the specified type matches the actual
type of the property, then the return type is the actual type of the property,
the format is the actual format of the property
(never zero), and the bytes-after and value are as follows, given:
N = actual length of the stored property in bytes
(even if the format is 16 or 32)
I = 4 * long-offset
T = N−I
L = MINIMUM(T, 4 * long-length)
A = N − (I + L)
The returned value starts at byte index I in the property (indexing
from 0), and its length in bytes is L. However, it is a Value error if
offset is given such that L is negative. The value of bytes_after is A,
giving the number of trailing unread bytes in the stored property. If
delete is True and the bytes_after is zero, the property is also
deleted from the device, and a XIPropertyNotify event is generated on
the device.
8. Events:
An event specifies its length in 4-byte units after the initial 32 bytes.
Future versions of the protocol may provide additional information
in the same event, thus increasing the event size. Clients are required to
always read the number of bytes specified by the event, not the size of the
event they may have been compiled against.
The following event types are available in XI2.
Version 2.0:
HierarchyChanged
DeviceChanged
KeyPress
KeyRelease
ButtonPress
ButtonRelease
Motion
RawKeyPress
RawKeyRelease
RawButtonPress
RawButtonRelease
RawMotion
Enter
Leave
FocusIn
FocusOut
PropertyEvent
All events have a set of common fields specified as EVENTHEADER.
EVENTHEADER { type: BYTE
extension: BYTE
sequenceNumber: CARD16
length: CARD32
evtype: CARD16
deviceid: DEVICEID
time: Time }
type
Always GenericEvent.
extension
Always the X Input extension offset.
sequenceNumber
Sequence number of last request processed by the server.
length
Length in 4-byte units after the initial 32 bytes.
evtype
XI-specific event type.
deviceid
Numerical device id for a device.
time
Time in ms.
┌───
HierarchyEvent:
EVENTHEADER
flags: SETofHIERARCHYMASK
num_info: CARD16
info: LISTofHIERARCHYINFO
└───
HIERARCHYMASK { MasterAdded, MasterRemoved, SlaveAttached, SlaveDetached,
SlaveAdded, SlaveRemoved, DeviceEnabled, DeviceDisabled }
HIERARCHYINFO { deviceid: DEVICEID,
attachment: DEVICEID,
type: DEVICEUSE
enabled: BOOL
flags: SETofHIERARCHYMASK}
flags
Set of the changes that have occured, causing this event.
num_info
The number of device info structs following the request.
info:
The current hierarchy information.
An XIHierarchyEvent is sent whenever the device hierarchy been
changed. The flags specify all types of hierarchy modifiations that have
occured.
For all devices, info details the hierarchy information after the
modification of the hierarchy has occured. For each device specified with
deviceid:
- if type is MasterPointer or MasterKeyboard, attachment decribes the
pairing of this device.
- if type is SlavePointer or SlaveKeyboard, attachment describes the
master device this device is attached to.
- if type is FloatingSlave device, attachment is undefined.
enabled
True if the device is enabled and can send events. A disabled master
device will not forward events from an attached, enabled slave
device.
Note: Multiple devices may be affected in one hierarchy change,
deviceid in an XIHierarchyEvent is always the first affected
device. Clients should ignore deviceid and instead use the devices list.
┌───
DeviceChangedEvent:
EVENTHEADER
reason: CHANGEREASON
source: DEVICEID
num_classes: CARD16
classes: LISTofCLASS
└───
CHANGEREASON { SlaveSwitch, DeviceChange }
A DeviceChangeEvent is sent whenever a device changes it's capabilities.
This can happen either by a new slave device sending events through a
master device, or by a physical device changing capabilities at runtime.
reason
The reason for generating this event.
If reason is SlaveSwitch, the slave device sending events through
this device has changed and source specifies the new slave device.
A SlaveSwitch reason can only occur on a master device.
If reason is DeviceChange, the device itself has changed through
other means (e.g. a physical device change) and source is
the device itself.
source
The source of the new classes.
num_classes
Number of classes provided.
classes
Details the available classes provided by the device. The order the
classes are provided in is undefined.
For a detailed description of classes, see the XQueryDevice request.
┌───
DeviceEvent:
EVENTHEADER
detail: CARD32
root: Window
event: Window
child: Window
root_x: FP1616
root_y: FP1616
event_x: FP1616
event_y: FP1616
buttons_len: CARD16
valuators_len: CARD16
sourceid: DEVICEID
mods: MODIFIERINFO
group: GROUPINFO
flags: DEVICEEEVENTFLAGS
buttons: SETofBUTTONMASK
valuators: SETofVALUATORMASK
axisvalues: LISTofFP3232
└───
BUTTONBIT { (1 << Button1), (1 << Button2), ... , (1 << ButtonN) }
VALUATORBIT { (1 << 1), ( 1 << 2), ... ( 1 << n) }
MODIFIERINFO { base_mods: CARD32,
latched_mods: CARD32,
locked_mods: CARD32,
effective_mods: CARD32}
GROUPINFO { base_group: CARD8,
latched_group: CARD8,
locked_group: CARD8,
effective_group: CARD8}
DEVICEEVENTFLAGS (all events): none
DEVICEEVENTFLAGS (key events only): { KeyRepeat }
DEVICEEVENTFLAGS (pointer events only): none
An XIDeviceEvent is generated whenever the logical state of a device
changes in response to a button press, a button release, a motion, a key
press or a key release. The event type may be one of KeyPress,
KeyRelease, ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, Motion.
detail
The button number or key code, or 0.
root
event
child
The root window, event window or subwindow, respectively. See core
protocol specification for more detail.
root_x
root_y
The position of the pointer in screen coordinates (16.16 fixed point).
event_x
event_y
The position of the pointer in screen coordinates relative to the
event window (16.16 fixed point).
buttons_len
The length of buttons in 4 byte units.
valuators_len
The length of valuators in 4 byte units.
sourceid
The source device that originally generated the event.
mods
XKB modifier state before the event occured.
group
XKB group state before the event.
buttons
Button state before the event.
valuators
Bitmask of valuators provided in axisvalues.
axisvalues
Valuator data in device-native resolution.
flags
Miscellaneous information about this event; the union of the
common flag set and either the key or pointer flag set,
depending on the event type.
KeyRepeat means that this event is for repeating purposes, and
the physical state of the key has not changed. This is only
valid for KeyPress events.
Modifier state in mods is detailed as follows:
base_mods
XKB base modifier state.
latched_mods
XKB latched modifier state.
locked_mods
XKB locked modifier state.
Group state in group is detailed as follows:
base_group
XKB base group state.
latched_group
XKB latched group state.
locked_group
XKB locked group state.
┌───
RawEvent
EVENTHEADER
detail: CARD32
flags: DEVICEEVENTFLAGS
valuators_len: CARD16
valuators: SETofVALUATORMASK
axisvalues: LISTofFP3232
axisvalues_raw: LISTofFP3232
└───
A RawEvent provides the information provided by the driver to the
client. RawEvent provides both the raw data as supplied by the driver and
transformed data as used in the server. Transformations include, but are
not limited to, axis clipping and acceleration.
Transformed valuator data may be equivalent to raw data. In this case,
both raw and transformed valuator data is provided.
RawEvents are sent exclusively to all root windows or to the client
that grabbed the device only.
eventtype
The type of event that occured on the device.
detail
The button number or keycode.
flags
Flags as described in DeviceEvent.
valuators_len
The length of valuators in 4 byte units.
valuators
Bitmask of valuators provided in axisvalues and axisvalues_raw.
axisvalues
Valuator data in device-native resolution.
axisvalues_raw
Untransformed valuator data in device-native resolution.
┌───
Enter or Leave or FocusIn or FocusOut
EVENTHEADER
root: Window
event: Window
child: Window
sourceid: DEVICEID
root_x: FP1616
root_y: FP1616
event_x FP1616
event_y: FP1616
mode: NOTIFYMODE
detail: NOTIFYDETAIL
same_screen: BOOL
focus: BOOL
mods: MODIFIERINFO
group: GROUPINFO
buttons_len: CARD16
buttons: SETofBUTTONMASK
└───
NOTIFYMODE { Normal, Grab, Ungrab }
NOTIFYDETAIL { Ancestor, Virtual, Inferior, Nonlinear, NonlinearVirtual,
Pointer, PointerRoot, None }
Enter or Leave events are sent whenever a device's pointer enters or
leaves a window.
FocusIn or FocusOut events are sent whenever a device's focus is set to or
away from a window.
The enter/leave and focus in/out model is described in the core protocol
specification, Section 11. (EnterNotify, LeaveNotify events).
For enter and leave events, the modifier and group state is the state of
the paired master device if the device is a master device, or the state of
the attached master keyboard if the device is an attached slave device, or
zero if the device is a floating slave device.
For focus in and out events, the button state is the state of the paired
master device if the device is a master device, or the state of the
attached master keyboard if the device is an attached slave device, or
zero if the device is a floating slave device.
root
event
child
The root window, event window, and child window, respectively. See the
core protocol specification for more detail.
sourceid
The device that caused the pointer to move.
root_x
root_y
The pointer coordinates relative to the root window.
event_x
event_y
The pointer coordinates relative to the event window.
mode
Normal pointer motion events have mode Normal. Pseudo-motion events
when a grab activates have mode Grab, and pseudo-motion events when a
grab deactivates have mode Ungrab. Pseudo-motion events caused by the
activation or deactivation of a passive enter or focus in grab have mode
XIPassiveGrabNotify or XIPassiveUngrabNotify.
detail
Specifies the relation of the event window to the window the pointer
entered or left. See the core protocol spec for details.
same_screen
True if the event window is on the same screen as the pointer's root
window.
focus
If the event window is the focus window or an inferior of the focus
window, then focus is True. Otherwise, focus is False. This field is
unspecified for focus in/out events.
mods
XKB modifier state before the event occured.
group
XKB group state before the event.
buttons_len
The length of buttons in 4 byte units.
buttons
Button state before the event.
┌───
XIPropertyEvent
EVENTHEADER
property: ATOM
what: { PropertyCreated, PropertyDeleted, PropertyModified }
└───
XIPropertyEvents are sent whenever a device property is created, deleted or
modified by a client.
property
The property that has been created, deleted, or modified
what
Specifies what has been changed.
❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧
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