658 lines
24 KiB
Groff
658 lines
24 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright 1993, 1998 The Open Group
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.\"
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and its
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.\" documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that
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.\" the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that
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.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
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.\" documentation.
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.\"
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.\" The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
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.\" in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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.\"
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
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.\" OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OPEN GROUP BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
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.\" OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
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.\" ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
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.\" OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
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.\"
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.\" Except as contained in this notice, the name of The Open Group shall
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.\" not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
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.\" other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization
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.\" from The Open Group.
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.\"
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.\"
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.TH BITMAP 1 __xorgversion__
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.SH NAME
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bitmap, bmtoa, atobm \- bitmap editor and converter utilities for the X Window System
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B bitmap
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[
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.I \-options
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\&.\|.\|. ] [
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.I filename
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] [
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.I basename
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]
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.sp
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.B bmtoa
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[
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.B \-chars
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\&.\|.\|. ] [
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.I filename
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]
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.sp
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.B atobm
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[
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.B \-chars
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.I cc
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] [
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.B \-name
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.I variable
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] [
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.B \-xhot
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.I number
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] [
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.B \-yhot
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.I number
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] [
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.I filename
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]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The \fIbitmap\fP program is a rudimentary tool for creating or editing
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rectangular images made up of 1's and 0's. Bitmaps are used in X for
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defining clipping regions, cursor shapes, icon shapes, and tile and
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stipple patterns.
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.PP
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The \fIbmtoa\fP and \fIatobm\fP filters convert \fIbitmap\fP files (FILE
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FORMAT) to and from ASCII strings. They are most commonly used to
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quickly print out bitmaps and to generate versions for including in text.
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.SH COMMAND LINE OPTIONS
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\fIBitmap\fP supports the standard X Toolkit command line arguments
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(see \fIX\fP(__miscmansuffix__)). The following additional arguments are supported as well.
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.TP 4
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.B \-size\fI WIDTHxHEIGHT\fP
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Specifies size of the grid in squares.
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.TP 4
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.B \-sw\fI dimension\fP
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Specifies the width of squares in pixels.
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.TP 4
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.B \-sh\fI dimension\fP
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Specifies the height of squares in pixels.
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.TP 4
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.B \-gt\fI dimension\fP
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Grid tolerance. If the square dimensions fall below the specified
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value, grid will be automatically turned off.
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.TP 4
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.B \-grid, +grid
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Turns on or off the grid lines.
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.TP 4
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.B \-axes, +axes
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Turns on or off the major axes.
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.TP 4
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.B \-dashed, +dashed
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Turns on or off dashing for the frame and grid lines.
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.TP 4
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.B \-stippled, +stippled
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Turns on or off stippling of highlighted squares.
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.TP 4
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.B \-proportional, +proportional
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Turns proportional mode on or off. If proportional mode is on,
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square width is equal to square height. If proportional mode is
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off,\fI bitmap\fP will use the smaller square dimension, if they
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were initially different.
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.TP 4
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.B \-dashes\fI filename\fP
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Specifies the bitmap to be used as a stipple for dashing.
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.TP 4
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.B \-stipple\fI filename\fP
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Specifies the bitmap to be used as a stipple for highlighting.
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.TP 4
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.B \-hl\fI color\fP
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Specifies the color used for highlighting.
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.TP 4
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.B \-fr\fI color\fP
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Specifies the color used for the frame and grid lines.
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.TP 4
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.B filename
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Specifies the bitmap to be initially loaded into the program.
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If the file does not exist,\fI bitmap\fP will assume it is a new file.
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.TP 4
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.B basename
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Specifies the basename to be used in the C code output file.
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If it is different than the basename in the working file,\fI bitmap\fP
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will change it when saving the file.
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.PP
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\fIBmtoa\fP accepts the following option:
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.TP 4
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.B \-chars \fIcc\fP
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This option specifies the pair of characters to use in the string version
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of the bitmap. The first character is used for 0 bits and the second character
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is used for 1 bits. The default is to use dashes (\-) for 0's and sharp signs
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(#) for 1's.
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.PP
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\fIAtobm\fP accepts the following options:
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.TP 4
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.B \-chars \fIcc\fP
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This option specifies the pair of characters to use when converting string
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bitmaps into arrays of numbers. The first character represents a 0 bit and
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the second character represents a 1 bit. The default is to use dashes (\-)
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for 0's and sharp signs (#) for 1's.
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.TP 4
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.B \-name \fIvariable\fP
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This option specifies the variable name to be used when writing out the
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bitmap file. The default is to use the basename of the \fIfilename\fP command
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line argument or leave it blank if the standard input is read.
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.TP 4
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.B \-xhot \fInumber\fP
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This option specifies the X coordinate of the hotspot. Only positive values
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are allowed. By default, no hotspot information is included.
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.TP 4
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.B \-yhot \fInumber\fP
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This option specifies the Y coordinate of the hotspot. Only positive values
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are allowed. By default, no hotspot information is included.
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.SH USAGE
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\fIBitmap\fP displays grid in which each square represents a single
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bit in the picture being edited. Actual size of the bitmap image, as
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it would appear normally and inverted, can be obtained by pressing\fB
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Meta-I\fP key. You are free to move the image popup out of the way to
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continue editing. Pressing the left mouse button in the popup window
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or\fB Meta-I\fP again will remove the real size bitmap image.
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.PP
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If the bitmap is to be used for defining a cursor, one of the squares
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in the images may be designated as the hot spot. This determines
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where the cursor is actually pointing. For cursors with sharp tips
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(such as arrows or fingers), this is usually at the end of the tip;
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for symmetric cursors (such as crosses or bullseyes), this is usually
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at the center.
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.PP
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Bitmaps are stored as small C code fragments suitable for including in
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applications. They provide an array of bits as well as symbolic
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constants giving the width, height, and hot spot (if specified) that
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may be used in creating cursors, icons, and tiles.
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.SH EDITING
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To edit a bitmap image simply click on one of the buttons with drawing
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commands (\fBPoint, Curve, Line, Rectangle,\fP etc.) and move the
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pointer into the bitmap grid window. Press one of the buttons on your
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mouse and the appropriate action will take place. You can either set,
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clear or invert the gird squares. Setting a grid square corresponds
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to setting a bit in the bitmap image to 1. Clearing a grid square
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corresponds to setting a bit in the bitmap image to 0. Inverting a
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grid square corresponds to changing a bit in the bitmap image from 0 to
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1 or 1 to 0, depending what its previous state was. The
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default behavior of mouse buttons is as specified below.
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.sp
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.nf
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MouseButton1 Set
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MouseButton2 Invert
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MouseButton3 Clear
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MouseButton4 Clear
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MouseButton5 Clear
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.fi
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.sp
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This default behavior can be changed by setting the button function
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resources. An example is provided below.
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.sp
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.nf
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bitmap*button1Function: Set
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bitmap*button2Function: Clear
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bitmap*button3Function: Invert
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etc.
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.fi
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.sp
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The button function applies to all drawing commands, including copying,
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moving and pasting, flood filling and setting the hot spot.
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.SH DRAWING COMMANDS
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Here is the list of drawing commands accessible through the
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buttons at the left side of the application's window. Some commands
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can be aborted by pressing A inside the bitmap window, allowing the
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user to select different guiding points where applicable.
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.TP 4
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.B Clear
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This command clears all bits in the bitmap image. The grid squares
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will be set to the background color. Pressing C inside the bitmap
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window has the same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Set
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This command sets all bits in the bitmap image. The grid squares
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will be set to the foreground color. Pressing S inside the bitmap
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window has the same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Invert
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This command inverts all bits in the bitmap image. The grid squares
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will be inverted appropriately. Pressing I inside the bitmap window
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has the same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Mark
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This command is used to mark an area of the grid by dragging out a
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rectangular shape in the highlighting color. Once the area is marked,
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it can be operated on by a number of commands (see \fBUp, Down, Left,
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Right, Rotate, Flip, Cut,\fP etc.) Only one marked area can be present
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at any time. If you attempt to mark another area, the old mark will
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vanish. The same effect can be achieved by pressing\fB
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Shift-MouseButton1\fP and dragging out a rectangle in the grid window.
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Pressing\fB Shift-MouseButton2\fP will mark the entire grid area.
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.TP 4
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.B Unmark
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This command will cause the marked area to vanish. The same effect can
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be achieved by pressing\fB Shift-MouseButton3\fP.
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.TP 4
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.B Copy
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This command is used to copy an area of the grid from one location to
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another. If there is no marked grid area displayed,\fB Copy\fP
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behaves just like\fB Mark\fP described above. Once there is a marked
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grid area displayed in the highlighting color, this command has two
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alternative behaviors. If you click a mouse button inside the marked
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area, you will be able to drag the rectangle that represents the
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marked area to the desired location. After you release the mouse
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button, the area will be copied. If you click outside the marked
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area,\fB Copy\fP will assume that you wish to mark a different region of
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the bitmap image, thus it will behave like\fB Mark\fP again.
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.TP 4
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.B Move
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This command is used to move an area of the grid from one location to
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another. Its behavior resembles the behavior of\fB Copy\fP command,
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except that the marked area will be moved instead of copied.
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.TP 4
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.B Flip Horizontally
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This command will flip the bitmap image with respect to the horizontal axes.
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If a marked area of the grid is highlighted, it will operate only
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inside the marked area. Pressing H inside the bitmap window has the
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same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Up
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This command moves the bitmap image one pixel up.
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If a marked area of the grid is highlighted, it will operate only
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inside the marked area. Pressing UpArrow inside the bitmap window has the
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same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Flip Vertically
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This command will flip the bitmap image with respect to the vertical axes.
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If a marked area of the grid is highlighted, it will operate only
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inside the marked area. Pressing V inside the bitmap window has the
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same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Left
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This command moves the bitmap image one pixel to the left.
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If a marked area of the grid is highlighted, it will operate only
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inside the marked area. Pressing LeftArrow inside the bitmap window has
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the same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Fold
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This command will fold the bitmap image so that the opposite corners
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become adjacent. This is useful when creating bitmap images for
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tiling. Pressing F inside the bitmap window has the same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Right
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This command moves the bitmap image one pixel to the right.
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If a marked area of the grid is highlighted, it will operate only
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inside the marked area. Pressing RightArrow inside the bitmap window
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has the same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Rotate Left
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This command rotates the bitmap image 90 degrees to the left (counter
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clockwise.)
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If a marked area of the grid is highlighted, it will operate only
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inside the marked area. Pressing L inside the bitmap window has the
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same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Down
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This command moves the bitmap image one pixel down.
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If a marked area of the grid is highlighted, it will operate only
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inside the marked area. Pressing DownArrow inside the bitmap window
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has the same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Rotate Right
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This command rotates the bitmap image 90 degrees to the right (clockwise.)
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If a marked area of the grid is highlighted, it will operate only
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inside the marked area. Pressing R inside the bitmap window has the
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same effect.
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.TP 4
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.B Point
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This command will change the grid squares underneath the mouse pointer if
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a mouse button is being pressed down. If you drag the mouse button
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continuously, the line may not be continuous, depending on the speed of your
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system and frequency of mouse motion events.
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.TP 4
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.B Curve
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This command will change the grid squares underneath the mouse pointer if
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a mouse button is being pressed down. If you drag the mouse button
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continuously, it will make sure that the line is continuous. If your system
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is slow or\fI bitmap\fP receives very few mouse motion events, it might
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behave quite strangely.
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.TP 4
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.B Line
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This command will change the gird squares in a line between two squares.
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Once you press a mouse button in the grid window,\fI bitmap\fP will
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highlight the line from the square where the mouse button was initially
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pressed to the square where the mouse pointer is located. By releasing the
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mouse button you will cause the change to take effect, and the highlighted
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line will disappear.
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.TP 4
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.B Rectangle
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This command will change the gird squares in a rectangle between two squares.
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Once you press a mouse button in the grid window,\fI bitmap\fP will
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highlight the rectangle from the square where the mouse button was initially
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pressed to the square where the mouse pointer is located. By releasing the
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mouse button you will cause the change to take effect, and the highlighted
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rectangle will disappear.
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.TP 4
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.B Filled Rectangle
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This command is identical to\fB Rectangle\fP, except at the end the
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rectangle will be filled rather than outlined.
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.TP 4
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.B Circle
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This command will change the gird squares in a circle between two squares.
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Once you press a mouse button in the grid window,\fI bitmap\fP will
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highlight the circle from the square where the mouse button was initially
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pressed to the square where the mouse pointer is located. By releasing the
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mouse button you will cause the change to take effect, and the highlighted
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circle will disappear.
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.TP 4
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.B Filled Circle
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This command is identical to\fB Circle\fP, except at the end the
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circle will be filled rather than outlined.
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.TP 4
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.B Flood Fill
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This command will flood fill the connected area underneath the mouse
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pointer when you click on the desired square. Diagonally adjacent
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squares are not considered to be connected.
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.TP 4
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.B Set Hot Spot
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This command designates one square in the grid as the hot spot if this
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bitmap image is to be used for defining a cursor. Pressing a mouse button
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in the desired square will cause a diamond shape to be displayed.
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.TP 4
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.B Clear Hot Spot
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This command removes any designated hot spot from the bitmap image.
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.TP 4
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.B Undo
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This command will undo the last executed command. It has depth one,
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that is, pressing\fB Undo\fP after\fB Undo\fP will undo itself.
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.SH FILE MENU
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The File menu commands can be accessed by pressing the File button and
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selecting the appropriate menu entry, or by pressing Ctrl key with
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another key. These commands deal with files and global bitmap
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parameters, such as size, basename, filename etc.
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.TP 4
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.B New
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This command will clear the editing area and prompt for the name of
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the new file to be edited. It will not load in the new file.
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.TP 4
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.B Load
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This command is used to load a new bitmap file into the bitmap editor.
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If the current image has not been saved, user will be asked whether to
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save or ignore the changes. The editor can edit only one file at a
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time. If you need interactive editing, run a number of editors and
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use cut and paste mechanism as described below.
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.TP 4
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.B Insert
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This command is used to insert a bitmap file into the image
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being currently edited. After being prompted for the filename,
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click inside the grid window and drag the outlined rectangle to the
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location where you want to insert the new file.
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.TP 4
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.B Save
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This command will save the bitmap image. It will not prompt for the
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filename unless it is said to be <none>. If you leave the filename
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undesignated or \-, the output will be piped to stdout.
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.TP 4
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.B Save As
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This command will save the bitmap image after prompting for a new
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filename. It should be used if you want to change the filename.
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.TP 4
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.B Resize
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This command is used to resize the editing area to the new number of
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pixels. The size should be entered in the WIDTHxHEIGHT format. The
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information in the image being edited will not be lost unless the new
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size is smaller that the current image size. The editor was not
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designed to edit huge files.
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.TP 4
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.B Rescale
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This command is used to rescale the editing area to the new width and
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height. The size should be entered in the WIDTHxHEIGHT format. It will
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not do antialiasing and information will be lost if you rescale to the
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smaller sizes. Feel free to add you own algorithms for better rescaling.
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.TP 4
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.B Filename
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This command is used to change the filename without changing the basename
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nor saving the file. If you specify \- for a filename, the output will
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be piped to stdout.
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.TP 4
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.B Basename
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This command is used to change the basename, if a different one from
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the specified filename is desired.
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.TP 4
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.B Quit
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This command will terminate the bitmap application. If the file was
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not saved, user will be prompted and asked whether to save the image
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or not. This command is preferred over killing the process.
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.SH EDIT MENU
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|
The Edit menu commands can be accessed by pressing the Edit button and
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selecting the appropriate menu entry, or by pressing Meta key with
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another key. These commands deal with editing facilities such as
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grid, axes, zooming, cut and paste, etc.
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.TP 4
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.B Image
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This command will display the image being edited and its inverse in its
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actual size in a separate window. The window can be moved away to continue
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with editing. Pressing the left mouse button in the image window will
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cause it to disappear from the screen.
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.TP 4
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.B Grid
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This command controls the grid in the editing area. If the grid spacing
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is below the value specified by gridTolerance resource (8 by default),
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the grid will be automatically turned off. It can be enforced by explicitly
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activating this command.
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.TP 4
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.B Dashed
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This command controls the stipple for drawing the grid lines. The stipple
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specified by dashes resource can be turned on or off by activating this
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command.
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.TP 4
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.B Axes
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This command controls the highlighting of the main axes of the image
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being edited. The actual lines are not part of the image. They are
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provided to aid user when constructing symmetrical images, or whenever
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having the main axes highlighted helps your editing.
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.TP 4
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.B Stippled
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This command controls the stippling of the highlighted areas of the
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bitmap image. The stipple specified by stipple resource can be turned on
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or off by activating this command.
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.TP 4
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.B Proportional
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This command controls the proportional mode. If the proportional mode
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is on, width and height of all image squares are forced to be equal,
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regardless of the proportions of the bitmap window.
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.TP 4
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.B Zoom
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This command controls the zoom mode. If there is a marked area of the
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image already displayed, bitmap will automatically zoom into it. Otherwise,
|
|
user will have to highlight an area to be edited in the zoom mode and
|
|
bitmap will automatically switch into it. One can use all the editing
|
|
commands and other utilities in the zoom mode. When you zoom out, undo
|
|
command will undo the whole zoom session.
|
|
.TP 4
|
|
.B Cut
|
|
This commands cuts the contents of the highlighted image area into the
|
|
internal cut and paste buffer.
|
|
.TP 4
|
|
.B Copy
|
|
This command copies the contents of the highlighted image area into the
|
|
internal cut and paste buffer.
|
|
.TP 4
|
|
.B Paste
|
|
This command will check if there are any other bitmap applications with
|
|
a highlighted image area, or if there is something in the internal cut
|
|
and paste buffer and copy it to the image. To place the copied image,
|
|
click in the editing window and drag the outlined image to the position
|
|
where you want to place i, and then release the button.
|
|
.SH CUT AND PASTE
|
|
Bitmap supports two cut and paste mechanisms; the internal cut and
|
|
paste and the global X selection cut and paste. The internal cut and
|
|
paste is used when executing copy and move drawing commands and also
|
|
cut and copy commands from the edit menu. The global X selection cut
|
|
and paste is used whenever there is a highlighted area of a bitmap
|
|
image displayed anywhere on the screen. To copy a part of image from
|
|
another bitmap editor simply highlight the desired area by using the
|
|
Mark command or pressing the shift key and dragging the area with the
|
|
left mouse button. When the selected area becomes highlighted, any
|
|
other applications (such as xterm, etc.) that use primary selection
|
|
will discard their selection values and unhighlight the appropriate
|
|
information. Now, use the Paste command for the Edit menu or control
|
|
mouse button to copy the selected part of image into another (or the
|
|
same) bitmap application. If you attempt to do this without a visible
|
|
highlighted image area, the bitmap will fall back to the internal cut
|
|
and paste buffer and paste whatever was there stored at the moment.
|
|
.SH WIDGETS
|
|
Below is the widget structure of the \fIbitmap\fP
|
|
application. Indentation indicates hierarchical structure. The
|
|
widget class name is given first, followed by the widget instance
|
|
name. All widgets except the bitmap widget are from the standard
|
|
Athena widget set.
|
|
.sp
|
|
.nf
|
|
Bitmap bitmap
|
|
TransientShell image
|
|
Box box
|
|
Label normalImage
|
|
Label invertedImage
|
|
TransientShell input
|
|
Dialog dialog
|
|
Command okay
|
|
Command cancel
|
|
TransientShell error
|
|
Dialog dialog
|
|
Command abort
|
|
Command retry
|
|
TransientShell qsave
|
|
Dialog dialog
|
|
Command yes
|
|
Command no
|
|
Command cancel
|
|
Paned parent
|
|
Form formy
|
|
MenuButton fileButton
|
|
SimpleMenu fileMenu
|
|
SmeBSB new
|
|
SmeBSB load
|
|
SmeBSB insert
|
|
SmeBSB save
|
|
SmeBSB saveAs
|
|
SmeBSB resize
|
|
SmeBSB rescale
|
|
SmeBSB filename
|
|
SmeBSB basename
|
|
SmeLine line
|
|
SmeBSB quit
|
|
MenuButton editButton
|
|
SimpleMenu editMenu
|
|
SmeBSB image
|
|
SmeBSB grid
|
|
SmeBSB dashed
|
|
SmeBSB axes
|
|
SmeBSB stippled
|
|
SmeBSB proportional
|
|
SmeBSB zoom
|
|
SmeLine line
|
|
SmeBSB cut
|
|
SmeBSB copy
|
|
SmeBSB paste
|
|
Label status
|
|
Pane pane
|
|
Bitmap bitmap
|
|
Form form
|
|
Command clear
|
|
Command set
|
|
Command invert
|
|
Toggle mark
|
|
Command unmark
|
|
Toggle copy
|
|
Toggle move
|
|
Command flipHoriz
|
|
Command up
|
|
Command flipVert
|
|
Command left
|
|
Command fold
|
|
Command right
|
|
Command rotateLeft
|
|
Command down
|
|
Command rotateRight
|
|
Toggle point
|
|
Toggle curve
|
|
Toggle line
|
|
Toggle rectangle
|
|
Toggle filledRectangle
|
|
Toggle circle
|
|
Toggle filledCircle
|
|
Toggle floodFill
|
|
Toggle setHotSpot
|
|
Command clearHotSpot
|
|
Command undo
|
|
.fi
|
|
.SH COLORS
|
|
If you would like bitmap to be viewable in color, include the following
|
|
in the #ifdef COLOR section of the file you read with xrdb:
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
*customization: \-color
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.br
|
|
This will cause bitmap to pick up the colors in the app-defaults color
|
|
customization file:
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
__apploaddir__/Bitmap-color
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.fi
|
|
.SH BITMAP WIDGET
|
|
Bitmap widget is a stand-alone widget for editing raster images. It
|
|
is not designed to edit large images, although it may be used in that
|
|
purpose as well. It can be freely incorporated with other
|
|
applications and used as a standard editing tool. The following are
|
|
the resources provided by the bitmap widget.
|
|
.sp
|
|
.TS
|
|
lb lb
|
|
l l.
|
|
Bitmap Widget
|
|
|
|
Header file Bitmap.h
|
|
Class bitmapWidgetClass
|
|
Class Name Bitmap
|
|
Superclass Bitmap
|
|
.TE
|
|
|
|
All the Simple Widget resources plus .\|.\|.
|
|
|
|
.TS
|
|
lb lb lb lb lb
|
|
l l l l l.
|
|
Name Class Type Default Value
|
|
foreground Foreground Pixel XtDefaultForeground
|
|
highlight Highlight Pixel XtDefaultForeground
|
|
framing Framing Pixel XtDefaultForeground
|
|
gridTolerance GridTolerance Dimension 8
|
|
size Size String 32x32
|
|
dashed Dashed Boolean True
|
|
grid Grid Boolean True
|
|
stippled Stippled Boolean True
|
|
proportional Proportional Boolean True
|
|
axes Axes Boolean False
|
|
squareWidth SquareWidth Dimension 16
|
|
squareHeight SquareHeight Dimension 16
|
|
margin Margin Dimension 16
|
|
xHot XHot Position NotSet (\-1)
|
|
yHot YHot Position NotSet (\-1)
|
|
button1Function Button1Function DrawingFunction Set
|
|
button2Function Button2Function DrawingFunction Invert
|
|
button3Function Button3Function DrawingFunction Clear
|
|
button4Function Button4Function DrawingFunction Invert
|
|
button5Function Button5Function DrawingFunction Invert
|
|
filename Filename String None ("")
|
|
basename Basename String None ("")
|
|
.TE
|
|
|
|
.SH AUTHOR
|
|
Davor Matic, MIT X Consortium
|