2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
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2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd"
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[
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<!ENTITY % defs SYSTEM "defs.ent"> %defs;
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]>
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2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
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<!-- lifted from troff+ms+XMan by doclifter -->
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<article id="ctext">
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<articleinfo>
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<title>Compound Text Encoding</title>
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<subtitle>X Consortium Standard</subtitle>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<firstname>Robert</firstname><othername>W.</othername><surname>Scheifler</surname>
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2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
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<affiliation><orgname>X Consortium</orgname></affiliation>
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2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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<copyright><year>1989</year><holder>X Consortium</holder></copyright>
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2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
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<releaseinfo>X Version 11, Release &fullrelvers;</releaseinfo>
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2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
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<releaseinfo>Version 1.1</releaseinfo>
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<legalnotice>
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<para>
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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</para>
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<para>
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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</para>
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<para>
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2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
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IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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X CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
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CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
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</para>
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<para>
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Except as contained in this notice, the name of the X Consortium shall not be
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used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings
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in this Software without prior written authorization from the X Consortium.
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</para>
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<para>X Window System is a trademark of The Open Group.</para>
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2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
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</legalnotice>
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</articleinfo>
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<sect1 id="Overview">
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<title>Overview</title>
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<para>
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Compound Text is a format for multiple character set data, such as
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multi-lingual text. The format is based on ISO
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standards for encoding and combining character sets. Compound Text is intended
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to be used in three main contexts: inter-client communication using selections,
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as defined in the
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<emphasis remap='I'>Inter-Client Communication Conventions Manual</emphasis>
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(ICCCM); <!-- xref -->
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window properties (e.g., window manager hints as defined in the ICCCM);
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and resources (e.g., as defined in Xlib and the Xt Intrinsics).
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</para>
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<para>
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Compound Text is intended as an external representation, or interchange format,
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not as an internal representation. It is expected (but not required) that
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clients will convert Compound Text to some internal representation for
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processing and rendering, and convert from that internal representation to
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Compound Text when providing textual data to another client.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="Values">
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<title>Values</title>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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The name of this encoding is "COMPOUND_TEXT". When text values are used in
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the ICCCM-compliant selection mechanism or are stored as window properties in
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the server, the type used should be the atom for "COMPOUND_TEXT".
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</para>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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Octet values are represented in this document as two decimal numbers in the
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form col/row. This means the value (col * 16) + row. For example, 02/01 means
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the value 33.
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</para>
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<para>
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For our purposes, the octet encoding space is divided into four ranges:
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</para>
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<informaltable frame="none">
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<?dbfo keep-together="always" ?>
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<tgroup cols='2' align='left' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
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<colspec colname='c1' colwidth="1.0*"/>
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<colspec colname='c2' colwidth="9.0*"/>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>C0</entry>
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<entry>octets from 00/00 to 01/15</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>GL</entry>
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<entry>octets from 02/00 to 07/15</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>C1</entry>
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<entry>octets from 08/00 to 09/15</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>GR</entry>
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<entry>octets from 10/00 to 15/15</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</informaltable>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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C0 and C1 are "control character" sets, while GL and GR are "graphic
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character" sets. Only a subset of C0 and C1 octets are used in the encoding,
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and depending on the character set encoding defined as GL or GR, a subset of
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GL and GR octets may be used; see below for details. All octets (00/00 to
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15/15) may appear inside the text of extended segments (defined below).
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</para>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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[For those familiar with ISO 2022, we will use only an 8-bit environment, and
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we will always use G0 for GL and G1 for GR.]
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</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="Control_Characters">
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<title>Control Characters</title>
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<para>
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In C0, only the following values will be used:
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</para>
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<informaltable frame="none">
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2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
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<?dbfo keep-together="always" ?>
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<tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
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<colspec colname='c1' colwidth="1.0*"/>
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<colspec colname='c2' colwidth="1.0*"/>
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<colspec colname='c3' colwidth="5.0*"/>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>00/09</entry>
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<entry>HT</entry>
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<entry>HORIZONTAL TABULATION</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>00/10</entry>
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<entry>NL</entry>
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<entry>NEW LINE</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>01/11</entry>
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<entry>ESC</entry>
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<entry>(ESCAPE)</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</informaltable>
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<para>
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In C1, only the following value will be used:
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</para>
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<informaltable frame="none">
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2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
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<?dbfo keep-together="always" ?>
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<tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
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<colspec colname='c1' colwidth="1.0*"/>
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<colspec colname='c2' colwidth="1.0*"/>
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<colspec colname='c3' colwidth="5.0*"/>
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<tbody>
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2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
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<row>
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2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
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<entry>09/11</entry>
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<entry>CSI</entry>
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<entry>CONTROL SEQUENCE INTRODUCER</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</informaltable>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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[The alternate 7-bit CSI encoding 01/11 05/11 is not used in Compound Text.]
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</para>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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No control sequences are defined in Compound Text for changing the C0 and C1
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sets.
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</para>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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A horizontal tab can be represented with the octet 00/09. Specification of
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tabulation width settings is not part of Compound Text and must be obtained
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from context (in an unspecified manner).
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</para>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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[Inclusion of horizontal tab is for consistency with the STRING type currently
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defined in the ICCCM.]
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</para>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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A newline (line separator/terminator) can be represented with the octet 00/10.
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</para>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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[Note that 00/10 is normally LINEFEED, but is being interpreted as NEWLINE.
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This can be thought of as using the (deprecated) NEW LINE mode, E.1.3, in ISO
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6429. Use of this value instead of 08/05 (NEL, NEXT LINE) is for consistency
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with the STRING type currently defined in the ICCCM.]
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</para>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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The remaining C0 and C1 values (01/11 and 09/11) are only used in the control
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sequences defined below.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="Standard_Character_Set_Encodings">
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<title>Standard Character Set Encodings</title>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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The default GL and GR sets in Compound Text correspond to the left and right
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halves of ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1). As such, any legal instance of a STRING type
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(as defined in the ICCCM) is also a legal instance of type COMPOUND_TEXT.
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</para>
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<para>
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[The implied initial state in ISO 2022 is defined with the sequence:
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01/11 02/00 04/03 GO and G1 in an 8-bit environment only. Designation also invokes.
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01/11 02/00 04/07 In an 8-bit environment, C1 represented as 8-bits.
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01/11 02/00 04/09 Graphic character sets can be 94 or 96.
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01/11 02/00 04/11 8-bit code is used.
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01/11 02/08 04/02 Designate ASCII into G0.
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01/11 02/13 04/01 Designate right-hand part of ISO Latin-1 into G1.
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]
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</para>
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<para>
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To define one of the approved standard character set encodings to be
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the GL set, one of the following control sequences is used:
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</para>
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<informaltable frame="none">
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2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
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<?dbfo keep-together="always" ?>
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<tgroup cols='4' align='left' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
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<colspec colname='c1' colwidth="1.0*"/>
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<colspec colname='c2' colwidth="1.0*"/>
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<colspec colname='c3' colwidth="2.0*"/>
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<colspec colname='c4' colwidth="8.0*"/>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>01/11</entry>
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<entry>02/08</entry>
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<entry>{I} F</entry>
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<entry>94 character set</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>01/11</entry>
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<entry>02/04</entry>
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<entry>02/08{I} F</entry>
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<entry>94<superscript>N</superscript> character set</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</informaltable>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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To define one of the approved standard character set encodings to be
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the GR set, one of the following control sequences is used:
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</para>
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<informaltable frame="none">
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<?dbfo keep-together="always" ?>
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<tgroup cols='4' align='left' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
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<colspec colname='c1' colwidth="1.0*"/>
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<colspec colname='c2' colwidth="1.0*"/>
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<colspec colname='c3' colwidth="2.0*"/>
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<colspec colname='c4' colwidth="8.0*"/>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>01/11</entry>
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<entry>02/09</entry>
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<entry>{I} F</entry>
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<entry>94 character set</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
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<entry>01/11</entry>
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<entry>02/13</entry>
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<entry>{I} F</entry>
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<entry>96 character set</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
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<entry>01/11</entry>
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<entry>02/04</entry>
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<entry>02/09 {I} F</entry>
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<entry>94<superscript>N</superscript> character set</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</informaltable>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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The "F"in the control sequences above stands for "Final character", which
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is always in the range 04/00 to 07/14. The "{I}" stands for zero or more
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"intermediate characters", which are always in the range 02/00 to 02/15, with
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the first intermediate character always in the range 02/01 to 02/03. The
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registration authority has defined an "{I} F" sequence for each registered
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character set encoding.
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</para>
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<para>
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<!-- .LP -->
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[Final characters for private encodings (in the range 03/00 to 03/15) are not
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|
permitted here in Compound Text.]
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
For GL, octet 02/00 is always defined as SPACE, and octet 07/15 (normally
|
|
|
|
DELETE) is never used. For a 94-character set defined as GR, octets 10/00 and
|
|
|
|
15/15 are never used.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
[This is consistent with ISO 2022.]
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
A 94<superscript>N</superscript> character set uses N octets (N > 1) for each character.
|
|
|
|
The value of N is derived from the column value for F:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<informaltable frame="none">
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<?dbfo keep-together="always" ?>
|
|
|
|
<tgroup cols='2' align='left' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c1' colwidth="1.0*"/>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c2' colwidth="3.0*"/>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>column 04 or 05</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>2 octets</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>column 06</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>3 octets</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>column 07</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>4 or more octets</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
In a 94<superscript>N</superscript> encoding, the octet values 02/00 and 07/15 (in GL) and
|
|
|
|
10/00 and 15/15 (in GR) are never used.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
[The column definitions come from ISO 2022.]
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
Once a GL or GR set has been defined, all further octets in that range (except
|
|
|
|
within control sequences and extended segments) are interpreted with respect to
|
|
|
|
that character set encoding, until the GL or GR set is redefined. GL and GR
|
|
|
|
sets can be defined independently, they do not have to be defined in pairs.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
Note that when actually using a character set encoding as the GR set, you must
|
|
|
|
force the most significant bit (08/00) of each octet to be a one, so that it
|
|
|
|
falls in the range 10/00 to 15/15.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- xref -->
|
|
|
|
[Control sequences to specify character set encoding revisions (as in section
|
|
|
|
6.3.13 of ISO 2022) are not used in Compound Text. Revision indicators do not
|
|
|
|
appear to provide useful information in the context of Compound Text. The most
|
|
|
|
recent revision can always be assumed, since revisions are upward compatible.]
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="Approved_Standard_Encodings">
|
|
|
|
<title>Approved Standard Encodings</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
The following are the approved standard encodings to be used with Compound
|
|
|
|
Text. Note that none have Intermediate characters; however, a good parser will
|
|
|
|
still deal with Intermediate characters in the event that additional encodings
|
|
|
|
are later added to this list.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<informaltable frame="topbot">
|
|
|
|
<?dbfo keep-together="auto" ?>
|
|
|
|
<tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c1' colwidth="1.0*"/>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c2' colwidth="1.0*"/>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c3' colwidth="10.0*"/>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<thead>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row rowsep='1'>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>{I} F</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>94/96</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Description</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
</thead>
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>4/02</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>94</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>
|
|
|
|
7-bit ASCII graphics (ANSI X3.4-1968), Left half of ISO 8859 sets
|
|
|
|
</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/09</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>94</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>
|
|
|
|
Right half of JIS X0201-1976 (reaffirmed 1984),
|
|
|
|
8-Bit Alphanumeric-Katakana Code
|
|
|
|
</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/10</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>94</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>
|
|
|
|
Left half of JIS X0201-1976 (reaffirmed 1984),
|
|
|
|
8-Bit Alphanumeric-Katakana Code
|
|
|
|
</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/01</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>96</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Right half of ISO 8859-1, Latin alphabet No. 1</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/02</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>96</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Right half of ISO 8859-2, Latin alphabet No. 2</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/03</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>96</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Right half of ISO 8859-3, Latin alphabet No. 3</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/04</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>96</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Right half of ISO 8859-4, Latin alphabet No. 4</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/06</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>96</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Right half of ISO 8859-7, Latin/Greek alphabet</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/07</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>96</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Right half of ISO 8859-6, Latin/Arabic alphabet</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/08</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>96</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Right half of ISO 8859-8, Latin/Hebrew alphabet</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/12</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>96</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Right half of ISO 8859-5, Latin/Cyrillic alphabet</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/13</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>96</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Right half of ISO 8859-9, Latin alphabet No. 5</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/01</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>942</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>GB2312-1980, China (PRC) Hanzi</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/02</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>942</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>JIS X0208-1983, Japanese Graphic Character Set</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
|
|
<entry>04/03</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>942</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>KS C5601-1987, Korean Graphic Character Set</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
The sets listed as "Left half of ..." should always be defined as GL. The
|
|
|
|
sets listed as "Right half of ..." should always be defined as GR. Other
|
|
|
|
sets can be defined either as GL or GR.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="Non_Standard_Character_Set_Encodings">
|
|
|
|
<title>Non-Standard Character Set Encodings</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
Character set encodings that are not in the list of approved standard
|
|
|
|
encodings can be included
|
|
|
|
using "extended segments". An extended segment begins with one of the
|
|
|
|
following sequences:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<informaltable frame="none">
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<?dbfo keep-together="always" ?>
|
|
|
|
<tgroup cols='2' align='left' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c1' colwidth="1.0*"/>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c2' colwidth="2.0*"/>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>01/11 2/05 02/15 03/00 M L</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>variable number of octets per character</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>01/11 2/05 02/15 03/01 M L</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>1 octet per character</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>01/11 2/05 02/15 03/02 M L</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>2 octet per character</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>01/11 2/05 02/15 03/03 M L</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>3 octet per character</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>01/11 2/05 02/15 03/04 M L</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>4 octet per character</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
[This uses the "other coding system" of ISO 2022, using private Final
|
|
|
|
characters.]
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
The "M" and "L" octets represent a 14-bit unsigned value giving the number
|
|
|
|
of octets that appear in the remainder of the segment. The number is computed
|
|
|
|
as ((M - 128) * 128) + (L - 128). The most significant bit M and L are always
|
|
|
|
set to one. The remainder of the segment consists of two parts, the name of
|
|
|
|
the character set encoding and the actual text. The name of the encoding comes
|
|
|
|
first and is separated from the text by the octet 00/02 (STX, START OF TEXT).
|
|
|
|
Note that the length defined by M and L includes the encoding name and
|
|
|
|
separator.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
[The encoding of the length is chosen to avoid having zero octets in Compound
|
|
|
|
Text when possible, because embedded NUL values are problematic in many C
|
|
|
|
language routines. The use of zero octets cannot be ruled out entirely
|
|
|
|
however, since some octets in the actual text of the extended segment may have
|
|
|
|
to be zero.]
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
The name of the encoding should be registered with the X Consortium to avoid
|
|
|
|
conflicts and should when appropriate match the CharSet Registry and Encoding
|
|
|
|
registration used in the X Logical Font Description. The name itself should be
|
|
|
|
encoded using ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1), should not use question mark (03/15) or
|
|
|
|
asterisk (02/10), and should use hyphen (02/13) only in accordance with the X
|
|
|
|
Logical Font Description.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
Extended segments are not to be used for any character set encoding that can
|
|
|
|
be constructed from a GL/GR pair of approved standard encodings. For
|
|
|
|
example, it is incorrect to use an extended segment for any of the ISO 8859
|
|
|
|
family of encodings.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
It should be noted that the contents of an extended segment are arbitrary;
|
|
|
|
for example,
|
|
|
|
they may contain octets in the C0 and C1 ranges, including 00/00, and
|
|
|
|
octets comprising a given character may differ in their most significant bit.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
[ISO-registered "other coding systems" are not used in Compound Text;
|
|
|
|
extended segments are the only mechanism for non-2022 encodings.]
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="Directionality">
|
|
|
|
<title>Directionality</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
If desired, horizontal text direction can be indicated using the following
|
|
|
|
control sequences:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<informaltable frame="none">
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<?dbfo keep-together="always" ?>
|
|
|
|
<tgroup cols='2' align='left' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c1' colwidth="1.0*"/>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c2' colwidth="2.0*"/>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>09/11 03/01 05/13</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>begin left-to-right text</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>09/11 03/02 05/13</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>begin right-to-left text</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>09/11 05/13</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>end of string</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
[This is a subset of the SDS (START DIRECTED STRING) control in the Draft
|
|
|
|
Bidirectional Addendum to ISO 6429.]
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
Directionality can be nested. Logically, a stack of directions is maintained.
|
|
|
|
Each of the first two control sequences pushes a new direction on the stack,
|
|
|
|
and the third sequence (revert) pops a direction from the stack. The stack
|
|
|
|
starts out empty at the beginning of a Compound Text string. When the stack is
|
|
|
|
empty, the directionality of the text is unspecified.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
Directionality applies to all subsequent text, whether in GL, GR, or an
|
|
|
|
extended segment. If the desired directionality of GL, GR, or extended
|
|
|
|
segments differs, then directionality control sequences must be inserted when
|
|
|
|
switching between them.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
Note that definition of GL and GR sets is independent of directionality;
|
|
|
|
defining a new GL or GR set does not change the current directionality, and
|
|
|
|
pushing or popping a directionality does not change the current GL and GR
|
|
|
|
definitions.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
Specification of directionality is entirely optional; text direction should be
|
|
|
|
clear from context in most cases. However, it must be the case that either
|
|
|
|
all characters in a Compound Text string have explicitly specified direction
|
|
|
|
or that all characters have unspecified direction. That is, if directionality
|
|
|
|
control sequences are used, the first such control sequence must precede the
|
|
|
|
first graphic character in a Compound Text string, and graphic characters are
|
|
|
|
not permitted whenever the directionality stack is empty.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="Resources">
|
|
|
|
<title>Resources</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
To use Compound Text in a resource, you can simply treat all octets as if they
|
|
|
|
were ASCII/Latin-1 and just replace all "\" octets (05/12) with the two
|
|
|
|
octets "\\", all newline octets (00/10) with the two octets "\n", and
|
|
|
|
all zero octets with the four octets "\000".
|
|
|
|
It is up to the client making use of the resource to interpret the data as
|
|
|
|
Compound Text; the policy by which this is ascertained is not constrained by
|
|
|
|
the Compound Text specification.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="Font_Names">
|
|
|
|
<title>Font Names</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
The following CharSet names for the standard character set encodings are
|
|
|
|
registered for use in font names under the X Logical Font Description:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<informaltable frame="topbot">
|
|
|
|
<?dbfo keep-together="auto" ?>
|
|
|
|
<tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c1' colwidth="1.0*"/>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c2' colwidth="2.0*"/>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c3' colwidth="2.0*"/>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<thead>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row rowsep='1'>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>Name</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Encoding Standard</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Description</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
</thead>
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-1</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-1</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Latinalphabet No. 1</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-2</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-2</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Latinalphabet No. 2</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-3</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-3</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Latinalphabet No. 3</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-4</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-4</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Latinalphabet No. 4</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-5</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>ISO 8859-5</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Latin/Cyrillic alphabet</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-6</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>ISO 8859-6</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Latin/Arabic alphabet</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-7</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-7</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Latin/Greekalphabet</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-8</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-8</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Latin/Hebrew alphabet</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-9</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>ISO8859-9</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Latinalphabet No. 5</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>JISX0201.1976-0</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>JIS X0201-1976 (reaffirmed 1984)</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>8-bit Alphanumeric-Katakana Code</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>GB2312.1980-0</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>GB2312-1980, GL encoding</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>China (PRC) Hanzi</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>JISX0208.1983-0</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>JIS X0208-1983, GL encoding</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Japanese Graphic Character Set</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>KSC5601.1987-0</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>KS C5601-1987, GL encoding</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Korean Graphic Character Set</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="Extensions">
|
|
|
|
<title>Extensions</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
There is no absolute requirement for a parser to deal with anything but the
|
|
|
|
particular encoding syntax defined in this specification. However, it is
|
|
|
|
possible that Compound Text may be extended in the future, and as such it may
|
|
|
|
be desirable to construct the parser to handle 2022/6429 syntax more generally.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
There are two general formats covering all control sequences that are expected
|
|
|
|
to appear in extensions:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
01/11 {I} F
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
For this format, I is always in the range 02/00 to 02/15, and F is always
|
|
|
|
in the range 03/00 to 07/14.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
09/11 {P} {I} F
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
For this format, P is always in the range 03/00 to 03/15, I is always in
|
|
|
|
the range 02/00 to 02/15, and F is always in the range 04/00 to 07/14.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
In addition, new (singleton) control characters (in the C0 and C1 ranges) might
|
|
|
|
be defined in the future.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
Finally, new kinds of "segments" might be defined in the future using syntax
|
|
|
|
similar to extended segments:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
01/11 02/05 02/15 F M L
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
For this format, F is in the range 03/05 to 3/15. M and L are as defined
|
|
|
|
in extended segments. Such a segment will always be followed by the number
|
|
|
|
of octets defined by M and L. These octets can have arbitrary values and
|
|
|
|
need not follow the internal structure defined for current extended
|
|
|
|
segments.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
If extensions to this specification are defined in the future, then any string
|
|
|
|
incorporating instances of such extensions must start with one of the following
|
|
|
|
control sequences:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<informaltable frame="none">
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<?dbfo keep-together="always" ?>
|
|
|
|
<tgroup cols='2' align='left' colsep='0' rowsep='0'>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c1' colwidth="1.0*"/>
|
|
|
|
<colspec colname='c2' colwidth="2.0*"/>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>01/11 02/03 V 03/00</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>ignoring extensions is OK</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
2012-06-09 03:07:41 -06:00
|
|
|
<row>
|
2011-04-24 04:30:40 -06:00
|
|
|
<entry>01/11 02/03 V 03/01</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>ignoring extensions is not OK</entry>
|
|
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
In either case, V is in the range 02/00 to 02/15 and indicates the major
|
|
|
|
version
|
|
|
|
minus one of the specification being used. These version control sequences are
|
|
|
|
for use by clients that implement earlier versions, but have implemented a
|
|
|
|
general parser. The first control sequence indicates that it is acceptable to
|
|
|
|
ignore all extension control sequences; no mandatory information will be lost
|
|
|
|
in the process. The second control sequence indicates that it is unacceptable
|
|
|
|
to ignore any extension control sequences; mandatory information would be lost
|
|
|
|
in the process. In general, it will be up to the client generating the
|
|
|
|
Compound Text to decide which control sequence to use.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="Errors">
|
|
|
|
<title>Errors</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- .LP -->
|
|
|
|
If a Compound Text string does not match the specification here (e.g., uses
|
|
|
|
undefined control characters, or undefined control sequences, or incorrectly
|
|
|
|
formatted extended segments), it is best to treat the entire string as invalid,
|
|
|
|
except as indicated by a version control sequence.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
</article>
|