339 lines
11 KiB
Groff
339 lines
11 KiB
Groff
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.\" $XConsortium: xpr.man,v 1.22 94/04/17 20:44:06 gildea Exp $
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.TH XPR 1 "Release 6" "X Version 11"
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.SH NAME
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xpr \- print an X window dump
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B xpr
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[
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.B \-device
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.I devtype
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] [
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.B \-scale
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.I scale
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] [
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.B \-height
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.I inches
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] [
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.B \-width
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.I inches
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] [
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.B \-left
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.I inches
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] [
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.B \-top
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.I inches
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] [
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.B \-header
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.I string
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] [
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.B \-trailer
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.I string
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] [
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.B \-landscape
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] [
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.B \-portrait
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] [
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.B \-plane
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.I number
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] [
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.B \-gray
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] [
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.B \-rv
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] [
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.B \-compact
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] [
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.B \-output
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.I filename
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] [
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.B \-append
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.I filename
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] [
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.B \-noff
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] [
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.B \-split
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.I n
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] [
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.B \-psfig
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] [
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.B \-density
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.I dpi
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] [
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.B \-cutoff
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.I level
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] [
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.B \-noposition
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] [
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.B \-gamma
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.I correction
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] [
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.B \-render
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.I algorithm
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] [
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.B \-slide
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] [
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.I filename
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]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.I xpr
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takes as input a window dump file produced by
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.IR xwd(1)
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and formats it for output on PostScript printers, the Digital LN03 or LA100,
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the IBM PP3812 page printer, the HP LaserJet (or other PCL printers),
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or the HP PaintJet. If no file
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argument is given, the standard input is used. By default, \fIxpr\fP
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prints the largest possible representation of the window on the
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output page. Options allow the user to add headers and trailers,
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specify margins, adjust the scale and orientation, and append
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multiple window dumps to a single output file. Output is to
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standard output unless
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.B \-output
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is specified.
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.sp 1
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.ne 8
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.B Command Options
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.sp 1
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.IP "\fB\-device\fP \fIdevtype\fP"
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Specifies the device on which the file will be printed. Currently supported:
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.RS 12
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.PD 0
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.TP
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.B la100
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Digital LA100
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.TP
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.B ljet
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\s-1HP\s+1 LaserJet series and other monochrome PCL devices
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such as ThinkJet, QuietJet, RuggedWriter, \s-1HP\s+12560 series,
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and \s-1HP\s+12930 series printers
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.TP
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.B ln03
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Digital LN03
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.TP
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.B pjet
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HP PaintJet (color mode)
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.TP
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.B pjetxl
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HP HP PaintJet XL Color Graphics Printer (color mode)
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.TP
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.B pp
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IBM PP3812
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.TP
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.B ps
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PostScript printer
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.PD
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.RE
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.IP
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The default is PostScript.
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\fB-device lw\fP (LaserWriter) is equivalent to -device ps and is
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provided only for backwards compatibility.
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.IP "\fB\-scale\fP \fIscale\fP"
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Affects the size of the window on the page. The PostScript, LN03, and HP
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printers are able to
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translate each bit in a window pixel map into a grid of a specified size.
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For example each bit might translate into a 3x3 grid. This would be
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specified by \fB\-scale\fP \fI3\fP. By default a window is printed
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with the largest scale that will fit onto the page for the specified
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orientation.
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.IP "\fB\-height\fP \fIinches\fP"
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Specifies the maximum height of the page.
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.IP "\fB\-width\fP \fIinches\fP"
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Specifies the maximum width of the page.
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.IP "\fB\-left\fP \fIinches\fP"
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Specifies the left margin in inches. Fractions
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are allowed. By default the window is centered in the page.
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.IP "\fB\-top\fP \fIinches\fP"
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Specifies the top margin for the picture in inches. Fractions are
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allowed.
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.IP "\fB\-header\fP \fIstring\fP"
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Specifies a header string to be printed above the window.
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.IP "\fB\-trailer\fP \fIstring\fP"
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Specifies a trailer string to be printed below the window.
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.IP "\fB\-landscape\fP"
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Forces the window to printed in landscape mode. By default
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a window is printed such that its longest side follows the long side of
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the paper.
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.IP "\fB\-plane\fP \fInumber\fP"
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Specifies which bit plane to use in an image. The default is to use the
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entire image and map values into black and white based on color intensities.
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.IP "\fB\-gray\fP \fI 2 | 3 | 4\fP"
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Uses a simple 2x2, 3x3, or 4x4 gray scale conversion on a color image,
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rather than mapping to strictly black and white. This doubles,
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triples, or quadruples the effective width and height of the image.
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.IP "\fB\-portrait\fP"
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Forces the window to be printed in portrait mode. By default
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a window is printed such that its longest side follows the long side of
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the paper.
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.IP "\fB\-rv\fP"
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Forces the window to be printed in reverse video.
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.IP "\fB\-compact\fP"
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Uses simple run-length encoding for compact representation of windows
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with lots of white pixels.
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.IP "\fB\-output\fP \fIfilename\fP"
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Specifies an output file name. If this option is not specified, standard
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output is used.
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.IP "\fB\-append\fP \fIfilename\fP"
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Specifies a filename previously produced by \fIxpr\fP to which the window
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is to be appended.
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.IP "\fB\-noff\fP"
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When specified in conjunction with \fB\-append\fP, the window will appear
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on the same page as the previous window.
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.IP "\fB\-split\fP \fIn\fP"
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This option allows the user to split a window onto several pages.
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This might be necessary for very large windows that would otherwise
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cause the printer to overload and print the page in an obscure manner.
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.IP "\fB\-psfig\fP"
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Suppress translation of the PostScript picture to the center of the page.
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.IP "\fB\-density\fP \fIdpi\fP"
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Indicates what dot-per-inch density should be used by the HP printer.
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.IP "\fB\-cutoff\fP \fIlevel\fP"
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Changes the intensity level where colors are mapped to either black or
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white for monochrome output on a LaserJet printer.
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The \fIlevel\fP is expressed as percentage of
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full brightness. Fractions are allowed.
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.IP "\fB\-noposition\fP"
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This option causes header, trailer, and image positioning command
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generation to be bypassed for LaserJet, PaintJet and
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PaintJet XL printers.
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.IP "\fB\-gamma\fP \fIcorrection\fP"
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This changes the intensity of the colors printed by
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PaintJet XL printer. The \fIcorrection\fP is
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a floating point value in the range 0.00 to 3.00.
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Consult the operator's manual to determine the correct value for
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the specific printer.
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.IP "\fB\-render\fP \fIalgorithm\fP"
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This allows PaintJet XL printer to render the
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image with the best quality versus performance tradeoff.
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Consult the operator's manual to determine which \fIalgorithm\fPs
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are available.
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.IP "\fB\-slide\fP"
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This option allows overhead transparencies to be printed
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using the PaintJet and PaintJet XL printers.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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xwd(1), xwud(1), X(1)
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.SH LIMITATIONS
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The current version of \fIxpr\fP can generally print out on the LN03
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most X windows that are not larger than two-thirds of the screen.
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For example, it will be able to print out a large Emacs window, but
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it will usually fail when trying to print out the entire screen. The
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LN03 has memory limitations that can cause it to incorrectly print
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very large or complex windows. The two most common errors
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encountered are ``band too complex'' and ``page memory exceeded.''
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In the first case, a window may have a particular six pixel row that
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contains too many changes (from black to white to black). This will
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cause the printer to drop part of the line and possibly parts of the
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rest of the page. The printer will flash the number `1' on its front
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panel when this problem occurs. A possible solution to this problem
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is to increase the scale of the picture, or to split the picture onto
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two or more pages. The second problem, ``page memory exceeded,''
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will occur if the picture contains too much black, or if the picture
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contains complex half-tones such as the background color of a
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display. When this problem occurs the printer will automatically
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split the picture into two or more pages. It may flash the number
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`5' on its from panel. There is no easy solution to this problem.
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It will probably be necessary to either cut and paste, or to rework the
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application to produce a less complex picture.
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There are several limitations on the LA100 support:
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the picture will always be printed in
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portrait mode, there is no scaling,
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and the aspect ratio will be slightly off.
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Support for PostScript output currently cannot handle the \fB-append\fP,
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\fB-noff\fP or \fB-split\fP options.
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The \fB-compact\fP option is
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.I only
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supported for PostScript output.
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It compresses white space but not black space, so it is not useful for
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reverse-video windows.
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For color images, should map directly to PostScript image support.
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.SH "HP PRINTERS"
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If no \fB\-density\fP is specified on the command line 300 dots per inch
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will be assumed for \fIljet\fP and 90 dots per inch for \fIpjet\fP.
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Allowable \fIdensity\fP values for a LaserJet printer are 300, 150, 100,
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and 75 dots per inch. Consult the operator's manual to determine densities
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supported by other printers.
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If no \fB\-scale\fP is specified the image will be expanded to fit the
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printable page area.
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The default printable page area is 8x10.5 inches. Other paper sizes can
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be accommodated using the \fB\-height\fP and \fB\-width\fP options.
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Note that a 1024x768 image fits the default printable area when processed
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at 100 dpi with scale=1, the same image can also be printed using 300 dpi
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with scale=3 but will require considerably more data be transferred to the
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printer.
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\fIxpr\fP may be tailored for use with monochrome PCL printers other than
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the LaserJet. To print on a ThinkJet (\s-1HP\s+12225A) \fIxpr\fP could be
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invoked as:
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.sp
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.RS 4
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xpr -density 96 -width 6.667 \fIfilename\fP
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.RE
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.sp
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or for black-and-white output to a PaintJet:
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.sp
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.RS 4
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xpr -density 180 \fIfilename\fP
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.RE
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The monochrome intensity of a pixel is computed as 0.30*R + 0.59*G
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+ 0.11*B.
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If a pixel's computed intensity is less than the \fB\-cutoff\fP
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level it will print as white. This maps light-on-dark display images
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to black-on-white hardcopy. The default cutoff intensity is 50% of full
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brightness. Example: specifying \fB\-cutoff 87.5\fP moves the
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white/black intensity point to 87.5% of full brightness.
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A LaserJet printer must be configured with sufficient memory to handle the
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image. For a full page at 300 dots per inch approximately 2MB of printer
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memory is required.
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Color images are produced on the PaintJet
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at 90 dots per inch. The
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PaintJet is limited to sixteen colors from its 330 color palette on each
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horizontal print line. \fIxpr\fP will issue a warning message if more than
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sixteen colors are encountered on a line. \fIxpr\fP will program the
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PaintJet for the first sixteen colors encountered on each line and use the
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nearest matching programmed value for other colors present on the line.
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Specifying the \fB\-rv\fP, reverse video, option for the PaintJet will
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cause black and white to be interchanged on the output image. No other
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colors are changed.
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Multiplane images must be recorded by \fIxwd\fP in \fIZPixmap\fP format.
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Single plane (monochrome) images may be in either \fIXYPixmap\fP or
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\fIZPixmap\fP format.
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Some PCL printers do not recognize image positioning commands. Output for
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these printers will not be centered on the page and header and trailer
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strings may not appear where expected.
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The \fB\-gamma\fP and \fB-render\fP options are supported only on
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the PaintJet XL printers.
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The \fB\-slide\fP option is not supported for LaserJet printers.
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The \fB\-split\fP option is not supported for HP printers.
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The \fB\-gray\fP option is not supported for HP or IBM printers.
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.br
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Copyright 1986, Marvin Solomon and the University of Wisconsin.
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.br
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Copyright 1988, Hewlett Packard Company.
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.br
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See \fIX(1)\fP for a full statement of rights and permissions.
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.SH AUTHORS
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Michael R. Gretzinger, MIT Project Athena,
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Jose Capo, MIT Project Athena (PP3812 support),
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Marvin Solomon, University of Wisconsin,
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Bob Scheifler, MIT, Angela Bock and E. Mike Durbin, Rich Inc. (grayscale),
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Larry Rupp, HP (HP printer support).
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