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griesemer b40831b115 spec: explicitly define notion of "representability" (clarification)
Throughout the spec we use the notion of a constant x being
representable by a value of type T. While intuitively clear,
at least for floating-point and complex constants types, the
concept was not well-defined. In the section on Conversions
there was an extra rule for floating-point types only and it
missed the case of floating-point values overflowing to an
infinity after rounding.

Since the concept is important to Go, and a compiler most
certainly will have a function to test "representability",
it seems warranted to define the term explicitly in the spec.

This change introduces a new entry "Representability" under
the section on "Properties of types and values", and defines
the term explicitly, together with examples.

The phrase used is "representable by" rather than "representable as"
because the former use is prevalent in the spec.

Additionally, it clarifies that a floating-point constant
that overflows to an infinity after rounding is never
representable by a value of a floating-point type, even though
infinities are valid values of IEEE floating point types.
This is required because there are not infinite value constants
in the language (like there is also no -0.0) and representability
also matters for constant conversions. This is not a language
change, and type-checkers have been following this rule before.

The change also introduces links throughout the spec to the new
section as appropriate and removes duplicate text and examples
elsewhere (Constants and Conversions sections), leading to
simplifications in the relevant paragraphs.

Fixes #15389.

Change-Id: I8be0e071552df0f18998ef4c5ef521f64ffe8c44
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/57530
Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
2017-08-25 19:54:57 +00:00
.github .github: update ISSUE_TEMPLATE to be closer to 'go bug' 2017-08-19 04:06:10 +00:00
api doc, api: add syscall.SysProcAttr.AmbientCaps change to 1.9 notes, API 2017-06-29 03:29:46 +00:00
doc spec: explicitly define notion of "representability" (clarification) 2017-08-25 19:54:57 +00:00
lib/time time: vendor tzdata-2017b and update test 2017-06-07 21:23:58 +00:00
misc misc/trace: update trace-viewer 2017-08-25 15:50:29 +00:00
src runtime: optimize storing new keys in mapassign_fastNN 2017-08-25 19:42:05 +00:00
test cmd/compile: remove more nil ptr checks after newobject 2017-08-25 03:26:58 +00:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: prevent all magic line ending changes 2014-12-12 23:14:54 +00:00
.gitignore .gitignore: include only Go project artifiacts 2017-08-15 21:37:05 +00:00
AUTHORS A+C: final updates for Go 1.9 2017-07-18 01:47:54 +00:00
CONTRIBUTING.md .github: recommend 'go bug' when filing an issue 2017-07-24 17:18:34 +00:00
CONTRIBUTORS A+C: final updates for Go 1.9 2017-07-18 01:47:54 +00:00
favicon.ico website: recreate 16px and 32px favicon 2016-08-25 15:43:32 +00:00
LICENSE doc: revert copyright date to 2009 2016-06-01 22:40:04 +00:00
PATENTS
README.md readme: add attribution for the Gopher image 2017-02-03 19:39:41 +00:00
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