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Martin Möhrmann 4e2b84ffc5 compile: prefer an AND instead of SHR+SHL instructions
On modern 64bit CPUs a SHR, SHL or AND instruction take 1 cycle to execute.
A pair of shifts that operate on the same register will take 2 cycles
and needs to wait for the input register value to be available.

Large constants used to mask the high bits of a register with an AND
instruction can not be encoded as an immediate in the AND instruction
on amd64 and therefore need to be loaded into a register with a MOV
instruction.

However that MOV instruction is not dependent on the output register and
on many CPUs does not compete with the AND or shift instructions for
execution ports.

Using a pair of shifts to mask high bits instead of an AND to mask high
bits of a register has a shorter encoding and uses one less general
purpose register but is slower due to taking one clock cycle longer
if there is no register pressure that would make the AND variant need to
generate a spill.

For example the instructions emitted for (x & 1 << 63) before this CL are:
48c1ea3f                SHRQ $0x3f, DX
48c1e23f                SHLQ $0x3f, DX

after this CL the instructions are the same as GCC and LLVM use:
48b80000000000000080    MOVQ $0x8000000000000000, AX
4821d0                  ANDQ DX, AX

Some platforms such as arm64 already have SSA optimization rules to fuse
two shift instructions back into an AND.

Removing the general rule to rewrite AND to SHR+SHL speeds up this benchmark:

    var GlobalU uint

    func BenchmarkAndHighBits(b *testing.B) {
        x := uint(0)
        for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
                x &= 1 << 63
        }
        GlobalU = x
    }

amd64/darwin on Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-3520M CPU @ 2.90GHz:
name           old time/op  new time/op  delta
AndHighBits-4  0.61ns ± 6%  0.42ns ± 6%  -31.42%  (p=0.000 n=25+25):

'go run run.go -all_codegen -v codegen' passes  with following adjustments:

ARM64: The BFXIL pattern ((x << lc) >> rc | y & ac) needed adjustment
       since ORshiftRL generation fusing '>> rc' and '|' interferes
       with matching ((x << lc) >> rc) to generate UBFX. Previously
       ORshiftLL was created first using the shifts generated for (y & ac).

S390X: Add rules for abs and copysign to match use of AND instead of SHIFTs.

Updates #33826
Updates #32781

Change-Id: I43227da76b625de03fbc51117162b23b9c678cdb
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/194297
Run-TryBot: Martin Möhrmann <martisch@uos.de>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>
2019-09-21 18:00:13 +00:00
.github .github: don't render author-facing text in ISSUE_TEMPLATE 2018-11-02 04:47:34 +00:00
api api/go1.13: add debug/elf.Symbol fields added in CL 184099 2019-08-08 18:44:16 +00:00
doc doc: reword to avoid the confusing term 'anew' 2019-09-20 08:06:51 +00:00
lib/time lib/time: update tz data to 2019b 2019-07-03 23:08:27 +00:00
misc all: remove trailing whitespace from HTML files 2019-09-18 18:32:20 +00:00
src compile: prefer an AND instead of SHR+SHL instructions 2019-09-21 18:00:13 +00:00
test compile: prefer an AND instead of SHR+SHL instructions 2019-09-21 18:00:13 +00:00
.gitattributes
.gitignore .gitignore: ignore src/cmd/dist/dist 2017-10-28 21:55:49 +00:00
AUTHORS A+C: change email address for Akhil Indurti 2019-09-09 15:30:38 +00:00
CONTRIBUTING.md all: restore changes from faulty merge/revert 2018-02-12 20:13:59 +00:00
CONTRIBUTORS A+C: change email address for Akhil Indurti 2019-09-09 15:30:38 +00:00
favicon.ico website: recreate 16px and 32px favicon 2016-08-25 15:43:32 +00:00
LICENSE doc: revert copyright date to 2009 2016-06-01 22:40:04 +00:00
PATENTS
README.md README: linkify some paths 2018-06-06 18:07:01 +00:00
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SECURITY.md SECURITY.md: add security file 2019-05-23 21:22:44 +00:00

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