mirror of
https://github.com/golang/go
synced 2024-11-23 19:20:03 -07:00
doc: update install.html for binary distros, add install-source.html
R=bsiegert, rsc, r CC=golang-dev https://golang.org/cl/5605047
This commit is contained in:
Andrew Gerrand
parent
8c4fecdcb9
commit
e07f089cb0
@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
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<!--{
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"Title": "Setting up and using gccgo"
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"Title": "Setting up and using gccgo",
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"Path": "/install/gccgo/"
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}-->
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<p>
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475
doc/install-source.html
Normal file
475
doc/install-source.html
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,475 @@
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<!--{
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"Title": "Installing Go from source",
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"Path": "/install/source/"
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}-->
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<h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>
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<p>Go is an open source project, distributed under a
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<a href="/LICENSE">BSD-style license</a>.
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This document explains how to check out the sources,
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build them on your own machine, and run them.
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</p>
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<div class="detail">
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<p>
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There are two official Go compiler tool chains.
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This document focuses on the <code>gc</code> Go
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compiler and tools (<code>6g</code>, <code>8g</code> etc.).
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For information on how to use <code>gccgo</code>, a more traditional
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compiler using the GCC back end, see
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<a href="gccgo_install.html">Setting up and using gccgo</a>.
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</p>
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<p>
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The Go compilers support three instruction sets.
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There are important differences in the quality of the compilers for the different
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architectures.
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</p>
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code>amd64</code> (a.k.a. <code>x86-64</code>); <code>6g,6l,6c,6a</code>
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</dt>
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<dd>
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The most mature implementation. The compiler has an effective
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optimizer (registerizer) and generates good code (although
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<code>gccgo</code> can do noticeably better sometimes).
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code>386</code> (a.k.a. <code>x86</code> or <code>x86-32</code>); <code>8g,8l,8c,8a</code>
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</dt>
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<dd>
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Comparable to the <code>amd64</code> port.
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code>arm</code> (a.k.a. <code>ARM</code>); <code>5g,5l,5c,5a</code>
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</dt>
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<dd>
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Supports only Linux binaries. Less tested than the other ports.
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>
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Except for things like low-level operating system interface code, the run-time
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support is the same in all ports and includes a mark-and-sweep garbage
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collector, efficient array and string slicing, and support for efficient
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goroutines, such as stacks that grow and shrink on demand.
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</p>
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<p>
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The compilers can target the FreeBSD, Linux, NetBSD, OpenBSD, OS X (Darwin),
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and Windows operating systems.
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The full set of supported combinations is listed in the discussion of
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<a href="#environment">environment variables</a> below.
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</p>
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</div>
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<h2 id="ctools">Install C tools, if needed</h2>
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<p>
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The Go tool chain is written in C.
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To build it, you need a C compiler installed.
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</p>
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<p>
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On OS X, a C compiler can be installed as part of
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<a href="http://developer.apple.com/Xcode/">Xcode</a>.
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</p>
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<p>
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On Ubuntu/Debian, use <code>sudo apt-get install gcc libc6-dev</code>.
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If you want to build 32-bit binaries on a 64-bit system you'll also need the
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<code>libc6-dev-i386</code> package.
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</p>
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<p>
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<font color="red">TODO: add Windows compiler info</font>
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</p>
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<h2 id="mercurial">Install Mercurial, if needed</h2>
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<p>
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To perform the next step you must have Mercurial installed. (Check that you
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have an <code>hg</code> command.) This suffices to install Mercurial on most
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systems:
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</p>
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<pre>
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sudo easy_install mercurial==2.0
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</pre>
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<p>
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On Ubuntu/Debian,
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the Mercurial in your distribution's
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package repository is most likely old and broken.
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You might try this first:
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||||
</p>
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<pre>apt-get install python-setuptools python-dev build-essential</pre>
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|
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<p>
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If that fails, try installing manually from the
|
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<a href="http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/Download">Mercurial Download</a>
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page.</p>
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</p>
|
||||
|
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<p>
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Mercurial versions 1.7.x and up require the configuration of
|
||||
<a href="http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/CACertificates">Certification Authorities</a>
|
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(CAs). Error messages of the form:
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</p>
|
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|
||||
<pre>
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warning: code.google.com certificate with fingerprint b1:af: ... bc not verified (check hostfingerprints or web.cacerts config setting)
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</pre>
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|
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<p>
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when using Mercurial indicate that the CAs are missing.
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Check your Mercurial version (<code>hg --version</code>) and
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<a href="http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/CACertificates#Configuration_of_HTTPS_certificate_authorities">configure the CAs</a>
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if necessary.
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</p>
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<h2 id="fetch">Fetch the repository</h2>
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|
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<p>
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<p>Go will install to a directory named <code>go</code>.
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Change to the directory that will be its parent
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and make sure the <code>go</code> directory does not exist.
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Then check out the repository:</p>
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<pre>
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$ hg clone -u release https://code.google.com/p/go
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</pre>
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<h2 id="install">Install Go</h2>
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<p>
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To build the Go distribution, run
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</p>
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<pre>
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$ cd go/src
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$ ./all.bash
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</pre>
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<p>
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(To build under Windows use <code>all.bat</code>.)
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</p>
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||||
<p>
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If all goes well, it will finish by printing output like:
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</p>
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<pre>
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ALL TESTS PASSED
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---
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Installed Go for linux/amd64 in /home/you/go.
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Installed commands in /home/you/go/bin.
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*** You need to add /home/you/go/bin to your $PATH. ***
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The compiler is 6g.
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</pre>
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<p>
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||||
where the details on the last few lines reflect the operating system,
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architecture, and root directory used during the install.
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</p>
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|
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<div class="detail">
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<p>
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For more information about ways to control the build, see the discussion of
|
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<a href="#environment">environment variables</a> below.
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</p>
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</div>
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<h2 id="testing">Testing your installation</h2>
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<p>
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Check that Go is installed correctly by building a simple program.
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</p>
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<p>
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Create a file named <code>hello.go</code> and put the following program in it:
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</p>
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<pre>
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package main
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import "fmt"
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func main() {
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fmt.Printf("hello, world\n")
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}
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</pre>
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<p>
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Then run it with the <code>go</code> tool:
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</p>
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<pre>
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$ go run hello.go
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hello, world
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</pre>
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||||
|
||||
<p>
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||||
If you see the "hello, world" message then Go is installed correctly.
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</p>
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||||
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<h2 id="next">What's next</h2>
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||||
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||||
<p>
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||||
Start by taking <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go-tour/">A Tour of Go</a>
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or reading the <a href="go_tutorial.html">Go Tutorial</a>.
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</p>
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|
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<p>
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For more detail about the process of building and testing Go programs
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read <a href="/doc/code.html">How to Write Go Code</a>.
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</p>
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<p>
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Build a web application by following the <a href="codelab/wiki/">Wiki
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||||
Codelab</a>.
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||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Read <a href="effective_go.html">Effective Go</a> to learn about writing
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idiomatic Go code.
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||||
</p>
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||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For the full story, consult Go's extensive
|
||||
<a href="docs.html">documentation</a>.
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</p>
|
||||
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||||
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||||
<h2 id="community">Community resources</h2>
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||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For real-time help, there may be users or developers on
|
||||
<code>#go-nuts</code> on the <a href="http://freenode.net/">Freenode</a> IRC server.
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||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The official mailing list for discussion of the Go language is
|
||||
<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">Go Nuts</a>.
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||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Bugs can be reported using the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues/list">Go issue tracker</a>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For those who wish to keep up with development,
|
||||
there is another mailing list, <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-checkins">golang-checkins</a>,
|
||||
that receives a message summarizing each checkin to the Go repository.
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||||
</p>
|
||||
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||||
|
||||
<h2 id="releases">Keeping up with releases</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The Go project maintains two stable tags in its Mercurial repository:
|
||||
<code>release</code> and <code>weekly</code>.
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||||
The <code>weekly</code> tag is updated about once a week, and should be used by
|
||||
those who want to track the project's development.
|
||||
The <code>release</code> tag is given, less often, to those weekly releases
|
||||
that have proven themselves to be robust.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Most Go users will want to keep their Go installation at the latest
|
||||
<code>release</code> tag.
|
||||
New releases are announced on the
|
||||
<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-announce">golang-announce</a>
|
||||
mailing list.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
To update an existing tree to the latest release, you can run:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
$ cd go/src
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||||
$ hg pull
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||||
$ hg update release
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||||
$ ./all.bash
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||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
To use the <code>weekly</code> tag run <code>hg update weekly</code> instead.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="environment">Optional environment variables</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The Go compilation environment can be customized by environment variables.
|
||||
<i>None are required by the build</i>, but you may wish to set them
|
||||
to override the defaults.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<dl>
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOROOT</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The root of the Go tree, often <code>$HOME/go</code>.
|
||||
This defaults to the parent of the directory where <code>all.bash</code> is run.
|
||||
If you choose not to set <code>$GOROOT</code>, you must
|
||||
run <code>gomake</code> instead of <code>make</code> or <code>gmake</code>
|
||||
when developing Go programs using the conventional makefiles.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOROOT_FINAL</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The value assumed by installed binaries and scripts when
|
||||
<code>$GOROOT</code> is not set.
|
||||
It defaults to the value used for <code>$GOROOT</code>.
|
||||
If you want to build the Go tree in one location
|
||||
but move it elsewhere after the build, set
|
||||
<code>$GOROOT_FINAL</code> to the eventual location.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOOS</code> and <code>$GOARCH</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The name of the target operating system and compilation architecture.
|
||||
These default to the values of <code>$GOHOSTOS</code> and
|
||||
<code>$GOHOSTARCH</code> respectively (described below).
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Choices for <code>$GOOS</code> are
|
||||
<code>darwin</code> (Mac OS X 10.5 and above), <code>freebsd</code>,
|
||||
<code>linux</code>, <code>netbsd</code>, <code>openbsd</code>,
|
||||
<code>plan9</code>, and <code>windows</code>.
|
||||
Choices for <code>$GOARCH</code> are
|
||||
<code>amd64</code> (64-bit x86, the most mature port),
|
||||
<code>386</code> (32-bit x86), and <code>arm</code> (32-bit ARM).
|
||||
The valid combinations of <code>$GOOS</code> and <code>$GOARCH</code> are:
|
||||
<table cellpadding="0">
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th width="50"><th align="left" width="100"><code>$GOOS</code></th> <th align="left" width="100"><code>$GOARCH</code></th> <th align="left"></th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>darwin</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>darwin</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>freebsd</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>freebsd</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>linux</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>linux</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>linux</code></td> <td><code>arm</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>netbsd</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>netbsd</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>openbsd</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>openbsd</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>plan9</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>windows</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>windows</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOHOSTOS</code> and <code>$GOHOSTARCH</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The name of the host operating system and compilation architecture.
|
||||
These default to the local system's operating system and
|
||||
architecture.
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Valid choices are the same as for <code>$GOOS</code> and
|
||||
<code>$GOARCH</code>, listed above.
|
||||
The specified values must be compatible with the local system.
|
||||
For example, you should not set <code>$GOHOSTARCH</code> to
|
||||
<code>arm</code> on an x86 system.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOBIN</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The location where binaries will be installed.
|
||||
The default is <code>$GOROOT/bin</code>.
|
||||
After installing, you will want to arrange to add this
|
||||
directory to your <code>$PATH</code>, so you can use the tools.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOARM</code> (arm, default=6)
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The ARM architecture version the run-time libraries should target.
|
||||
Setting <code>$GOARM</code> to 5 causes the linker to emit calls
|
||||
to a software floating point implementation instead of using
|
||||
hardware floating point support.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
</dl>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Note that <code>$GOARCH</code> and <code>$GOOS</code> identify the
|
||||
<em>target</em> environment, not the environment you are running on.
|
||||
In effect, you are always cross-compiling.
|
||||
By architecture, we mean the kind of binaries
|
||||
that the target environment can run:
|
||||
an x86-64 system running a 32-bit-only operating system
|
||||
must set <code>GOARCH</code> to <code>386</code>,
|
||||
not <code>amd64</code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If you choose to override the defaults,
|
||||
set these variables in your shell profile (<code>$HOME/.bashrc</code>,
|
||||
<code>$HOME/.profile</code>, or equivalent). The settings might look
|
||||
something like this:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
export GOROOT=$HOME/go
|
||||
export GOARCH=amd64
|
||||
export GOOS=linux
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
465
doc/install.html
465
doc/install.html
@ -5,257 +5,140 @@
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Go is an open source project, distributed under a
|
||||
<a href="/LICENSE">BSD-style license</a>.
|
||||
This document explains how to check out the sources,
|
||||
build them on your own machine, and run them.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="detail">
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
There are two distinct ways to experiment with Go.
|
||||
This document focuses on the <code>gc</code> Go
|
||||
compiler and tools (<code>6g</code>, <code>8g</code> etc.).
|
||||
For information on how to use <code>gccgo</code>, a more traditional
|
||||
compiler using the GCC back end, see
|
||||
<a href="gccgo_install.html">Setting up and using gccgo</a>.
|
||||
Go is an open source project with a BSD-style license.
|
||||
There are two official Go compiler toolchains: the <code>gc</code> Go compiler
|
||||
and the <code>gccgo</code> compiler that is part of the GNU C Compiler (GCC).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The Go compilers support three instruction sets.
|
||||
There are important differences in the quality of the compilers for the different
|
||||
architectures.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<dl>
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>amd64</code> (a.k.a. <code>x86-64</code>); <code>6g,6l,6c,6a</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
The most mature implementation. The compiler has an effective optimizer
|
||||
(registerizer) and generates good code (although <code>gccgo</code>
|
||||
can do noticeably better sometimes).
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>386</code> (a.k.a. <code>x86</code> or <code>x86-32</code>); <code>8g,8l,8c,8a</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
Comparable to the <code>amd64</code> port.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>arm</code> (a.k.a. <code>ARM</code>); <code>5g,5l,5c,5a</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
Incomplete.
|
||||
It only supports Linux binaries, the optimizer is incomplete,
|
||||
and floating point uses the VFP unit.
|
||||
However, all tests pass.
|
||||
Work on the optimizer is continuing.
|
||||
Tested against a Nexus One.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
</dl>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Except for things like low-level operating system interface code, the run-time
|
||||
support is the same in all ports and includes a mark-and-sweep garbage collector
|
||||
(a fancier one is in the works), efficient array and string slicing,
|
||||
support for segmented stacks, and a strong goroutine implementation.
|
||||
The <code>gc</code> compiler is the more mature and well-tested of the two.
|
||||
This page is about installing a binary distribution of the <code>gc</code>
|
||||
compiler.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The compilers can target the FreeBSD, Linux, OpenBSD
|
||||
and OS X (a.k.a. Darwin) operating systems.
|
||||
(A port to Microsoft Windows is in progress but incomplete. See the
|
||||
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/wiki/WindowsPort">Windows Port</a>
|
||||
page for details.)
|
||||
The full set of supported combinations is listed in the discussion of
|
||||
<a href="#environment">environment variables</a> below.
|
||||
For information about installing the <code>gc</code> compiler from source, see
|
||||
<a href="/install/source/">Installing Go from source</a>.
|
||||
For information about installing <code>gccgo</code>, see
|
||||
<a href="/install/gccgo/">Setting up and using gccgo</a>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="ctools">Install C tools, if needed</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>The Go tool chain is written in C.
|
||||
To build it, you need these programs installed:
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>GCC,
|
||||
<li>the standard C libraries,
|
||||
<li>the parser generator Bison,
|
||||
<li>GNU <tt>make</tt> (version 3.81 or later),
|
||||
and
|
||||
<li><tt>awk</tt>.
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>On OS X, they can be
|
||||
installed as part of
|
||||
<a href="http://developer.apple.com/Xcode/">Xcode</a>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>On Ubuntu/Debian, use <code>sudo apt-get install bison gawk gcc libc6-dev
|
||||
make</code>. If you want to build 32-bit binaries on a 64-bit system you'll
|
||||
also need the <code>libc6-dev-i386</code> package.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="mercurial">Install Mercurial, if needed</h2>
|
||||
<h2 id="download">Obtaining the Go tools</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
To perform the next step you must have Mercurial installed. (Check that you have an <code>hg</code> command.) This suffices to install Mercurial on most systems:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
sudo easy_install mercurial==2.0
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
(On Ubuntu/Debian, you might try <code>apt-get install python-setuptools
|
||||
python-dev build-essential</code> first. The Mercurial in your distribution's
|
||||
package repository will most likely be old and broken.)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If that fails, try installing manually from the <a href="http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/Download">Mercurial Download</a> page.</p>
|
||||
Visit the
|
||||
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/downloads">Go project's downloads page</a>
|
||||
and select the binary distribution that matches
|
||||
your operating system and processor architecture.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Mercurial versions 1.7.x and up require the configuration of
|
||||
<a href="http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/CACertificates">Certification Authorities</a>
|
||||
(CAs). Error messages of the form:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
warning: code.google.com certificate with fingerprint b1:af: ... bc not verified (check hostfingerprints or web.cacerts config setting)
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
when using Mercurial indicate that the CAs are missing.
|
||||
Check your Mercurial version (<code>hg --version</code>) and
|
||||
<a href="http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/CACertificates#Configuration_of_HTTPS_certificate_authorities">configure the CAs</a>
|
||||
if necessary.
|
||||
Official binary distributions are available
|
||||
for the FreeBSD, Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows operating systems
|
||||
and the 32-bit (<code>386</code>) and 64-bit (<code>amd64</code>)
|
||||
x86 processor architectures.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="fetch">Fetch the repository</h2>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If a binary distribution is not available for your
|
||||
OS/arch combination you may want to try
|
||||
<a href="/install/source/">installing from source</a> or
|
||||
<a href="/install/gccgo/">installing gccgo instead of gc</a>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="install">Installing the Go tools</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<p>Go will install to a directory named <code>go</code>.
|
||||
Change to the directory that will be its parent
|
||||
and make sure the <code>go</code> directory does not exist.
|
||||
Then check out the repository:</p>
|
||||
The Go binary distributions assume they will be installed in
|
||||
<code>/usr/local/go</code>, but it is possible to install them in a different
|
||||
location. If you do this, you will need to set the <code>GOROOT</code>
|
||||
environment variable to that directory when using the Go tools.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For example, if you installed Go to your home directory you should add the
|
||||
following commands to <code>$HOME/.profile</code>:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
$ hg clone -u release https://code.google.com/p/go
|
||||
export GOROOT=$HOME/go
|
||||
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="install">Install Go</h2>
|
||||
<h3 id="freebsd_linux">FreeBSD and Linux</h3>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
To build the Go distribution, run
|
||||
Extract the archive into <code>/usr/local</code>, creating a Go tree in
|
||||
<code>/usr/local/go</code> (typically this must be run as root or through
|
||||
<code>sudo</code>):
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
$ cd go/src
|
||||
$ ./all.bash
|
||||
tar -C /usr/local go.release.go1.tar.gz
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If all goes well, it will finish by printing output like:
|
||||
Add <code>/usr/local/go/bin</code> to the <code>PATH</code> environment
|
||||
variable. You can do this by adding this line to your <code>/etc/profile</code>
|
||||
(for a system-wide installation) or <code>$HOME/.profile</code>:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
ALL TESTS PASSED
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
Installed Go for linux/amd64 in /home/you/go.
|
||||
Installed commands in /home/you/go/bin.
|
||||
*** You need to add /home/you/go/bin to your $PATH. ***
|
||||
The compiler is 6g.
|
||||
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h3 id="osx">Mac OS X</h3>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
where the details on the last few lines reflect the operating system,
|
||||
architecture, and root directory used during the install.
|
||||
Open the <code>.pkg</code> file and follow the prompts to install the Go tools.
|
||||
The package installs the Go distribution to <code>/usr/local/go</code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="detail">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The package should put the <code>/usr/local/go/bin</code> directory in your
|
||||
<code>PATH</code> environment variable. You may need to restart any open
|
||||
Terminal sessions for the change to take effect.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>For more information about ways to control the build,
|
||||
see the discussion of <a href="#environment">environment variables</a> below.</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="writing">Writing programs</h2>
|
||||
<h3 id="windows">Windows</h3>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Given a file <code>file.go</code>, compile it using
|
||||
<font color="red">TODO: windows installation instructions.</font>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="testing">Testing your installation</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Check that Go is installed correctly by building a simple program, as follows.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Create a file named <code>hello.go</code> and put the following program in it:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
$ 6g file.go
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code>6g</code> is the Go compiler for <code>amd64</code>; it will write the output
|
||||
in <code>file.6</code>. The ‘<code>6</code>’ identifies
|
||||
files for the <code>amd64</code> architecture.
|
||||
The identifier letters for <code>386</code> and <code>arm</code>
|
||||
are ‘<code>8</code>’ and ‘<code>5</code>’.
|
||||
That is, if you were compiling for <code>386</code>, you would use
|
||||
<code>8g</code> and the output would be named <code>file.8</code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
To link the file, use
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
$ 6l file.6
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
and to run it
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
$ ./6.out
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>A complete example:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
$ cat >hello.go <<EOF
|
||||
package main
|
||||
|
||||
import "fmt"
|
||||
|
||||
func main() {
|
||||
fmt.Printf("hello, world\n")
|
||||
fmt.Printf("hello, world\n")
|
||||
}
|
||||
EOF
|
||||
$ 6g hello.go
|
||||
$ 6l hello.6
|
||||
$ ./6.out
|
||||
hello, world
|
||||
$
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
There is no need to list <code>hello.6</code>'s package dependencies
|
||||
(in this case, package <code>fmt</code>) on the <code>6l</code>
|
||||
command line.
|
||||
The linker learns about them by reading <code>hello.6</code>.
|
||||
Then run it with the <code>go</code> tool:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="detail">
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
$ go run hello.go
|
||||
hello, world
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
To build more complicated programs, you will probably
|
||||
want to use a
|
||||
<code>Makefile</code>.
|
||||
There are examples in places like
|
||||
<code>go/src/cmd/godoc/Makefile</code>
|
||||
and <code>go/src/pkg/*/Makefile</code>.
|
||||
The
|
||||
<a href="contribute.html">document</a>
|
||||
about contributing to the Go project
|
||||
gives more detail about
|
||||
the process of building and testing Go programs.
|
||||
If you see the "hello, world" message then your Go installation is working.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="next">What's next</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -264,6 +147,11 @@ Start by taking <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go-tour/">A Tour of Go</a>
|
||||
or reading the <a href="go_tutorial.html">Go Tutorial</a>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For more detail about the process of building and testing Go programs
|
||||
read <a href="/doc/code.html">How to Write Go Code</a>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Build a web application by following the <a href="codelab/wiki/">Wiki
|
||||
Codelab</a>.
|
||||
@ -279,39 +167,6 @@ For the full story, consult Go's extensive
|
||||
<a href="docs.html">documentation</a>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="releases">Keeping up with releases</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The Go project maintains two stable tags in its Mercurial repository:
|
||||
<code>release</code> and <code>weekly</code>.
|
||||
The <code>weekly</code> tag is updated about once a week, and should be used by
|
||||
those who want to track the project's development.
|
||||
The <code>release</code> tag is given, less often, to those weekly releases
|
||||
that have proven themselves to be robust.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Most Go users will want to keep their Go installation at the latest
|
||||
<code>release</code> tag.
|
||||
New releases are announced on the
|
||||
<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-announce">golang-announce</a>
|
||||
mailing list.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
To update an existing tree to the latest release, you can run:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
$ cd go/src
|
||||
$ hg pull
|
||||
$ hg update release
|
||||
$ ./all.bash
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
To use the <code>weekly</code> tag run <code>hg update weekly</code> instead.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="community">Community resources</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -326,158 +181,6 @@ The official mailing list for discussion of the Go language is
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Bugs can be reported using the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues/list">Go issue tracker</a>.
|
||||
Bugs should be reported using the
|
||||
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues/list">Go issue tracker</a>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For those who wish to keep up with development,
|
||||
there is another mailing list, <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-checkins">golang-checkins</a>,
|
||||
that receives a message summarizing each checkin to the Go repository.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="environment">Optional environment variables</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The Go compilation environment can be customized by environment variables.
|
||||
<i>None are required by the build</i>, but you may wish to set them
|
||||
to override the defaults.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<dl>
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOROOT</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
The root of the Go tree, often <code>$HOME/go</code>.
|
||||
This defaults to the parent of the directory where <code>all.bash</code> is run.
|
||||
If you choose not to set <code>$GOROOT</code>, you must
|
||||
run <code>go tool make</code> instead of <code>make</code> or <code>gmake</code>
|
||||
when developing Go programs using the conventional makefiles.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOROOT_FINAL</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
The value assumed by installed binaries and scripts when
|
||||
<code>$GOROOT</code> is not set.
|
||||
It defaults to the value used for <code>$GOROOT</code>.
|
||||
If you want to build the Go tree in one location
|
||||
but move it elsewhere after the build, set
|
||||
<code>$GOROOT_FINAL</code> to the eventual location.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOOS</code> and <code>$GOARCH</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
The name of the target operating system and compilation architecture.
|
||||
These default to the values of <code>$GOHOSTOS</code> and
|
||||
<code>$GOHOSTARCH</code> respectively (described below).
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Choices for <code>$GOOS</code> are
|
||||
<code>darwin</code> (Mac OS X 10.5 or 10.6),
|
||||
<code>freebsd</code>, <code>linux</code>, <code>openbsd</code>,
|
||||
and <code>windows</code> (Windows, an incomplete port).
|
||||
Choices for <code>$GOARCH</code> are <code>amd64</code> (64-bit x86, the most mature port),
|
||||
<code>386</code> (32-bit x86), and
|
||||
<code>arm</code> (32-bit ARM, an incomplete port).
|
||||
The valid combinations of <code>$GOOS</code> and <code>$GOARCH</code> are:
|
||||
<table cellpadding="0">
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th width="50"><th align="left" width="100"><code>$GOOS</code></th> <th align="left" width="100"><code>$GOARCH</code></th> <th align="left"></th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>darwin</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>darwin</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>freebsd</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>freebsd</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>linux</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>linux</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>linux</code></td> <td><code>arm</code></td> <td><i>incomplete</i></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>openbsd</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>openbsd</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td></td><td><code>windows</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td> <td><i>incomplete</i></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOHOSTOS</code> and <code>$GOHOSTARCH</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
The name of the host operating system and compilation architecture.
|
||||
These default to the local system's operating system and
|
||||
architecture.
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Valid choices are the same as for <code>$GOOS</code> and
|
||||
<code>$GOARCH</code>, listed above.
|
||||
The specified values must be compatible with the local system.
|
||||
For example, you should not set <code>$GOHOSTARCH</code> to
|
||||
<code>arm</code> on an x86 system.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOBIN</code>
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
The location where binaries will be installed.
|
||||
The default is <code>$GOROOT/bin</code>.
|
||||
After installing, you will want to arrange to add this
|
||||
directory to your <code>$PATH</code>, so you can use the tools.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
|
||||
<dt>
|
||||
<code>$GOARM</code> (arm, default=6)
|
||||
</dt>
|
||||
<dd>
|
||||
The ARM architecture version the run-time libraries should target.
|
||||
Setting <code>$GOARM</code> to 5 causes the linker to emit calls
|
||||
to a software floating point implementation instead of using
|
||||
hardware floating point support.
|
||||
</dd>
|
||||
</dl>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Note that <code>$GOARCH</code> and <code>$GOOS</code> identify the
|
||||
<em>target</em> environment, not the environment you are running on.
|
||||
In effect, you are always cross-compiling.
|
||||
By architecture, we mean the kind of binaries
|
||||
that the target environment can run:
|
||||
an x86-64 system running a 32-bit-only operating system
|
||||
must set <code>GOARCH</code> to <code>386</code>,
|
||||
not <code>amd64</code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If you choose to override the defaults,
|
||||
set these variables in your shell profile (<code>$HOME/.bashrc</code>,
|
||||
<code>$HOME/.profile</code>, or equivalent). The settings might look
|
||||
something like this:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
export GOROOT=$HOME/go
|
||||
export GOARCH=amd64
|
||||
export GOOS=linux
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user