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First piece of Go reference manual.
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doc/go_ref.html
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doc/go_ref.html
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<h2>Introduction</h2>
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<p>
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This is a reference manual for the Go programming language. For more information and other documents, see <a href="/">the Go home page</a>.
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</p>
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<p>
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Go is a general-purpose language designed with systems programming in mind. It is strongly typed and garbage-collected, and has explicit support for concurrent programming. Programs are constructed from <i>packages</i>, whose properties allow efficient management of dependencies. The existing implementations use a traditional compile/link model to generate executable binaries.
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</p>
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<p>
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The grammar is simple and regular, allowing for easy analysis by automatic tools such as integrated development environments.
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</p>
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<h2>Lexical properties</h2>
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<p>
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A program is constructed from a set of <i>packages</i>. Each package is defined by one or more source files compiled separately. In processing the source text in each file, the input is divided into a sequence of <i>tokens</i>.
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</p>
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<h3>Unicode text</h3>
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<p>
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Go source text is a sequence of Unicode code points encoded in UTF-8. The language processor does not canonicalize the input, so it will treat a single accented code point as distinct from the same character constructed from combining an accent and a letter; those are treated as two code points. For simplicity, this document will use the term <i>character</i> to refer to a Unicode code point.
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</p>
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<p>
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Each code point is distinct; for example, upper and lower case letters are different characters.
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</p>
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<h3>Tokens</h3>
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<p>
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There are four classes of tokens: identifiers, keywords, operators and delimiters, and literals. <i>White space</i>, formed from blanks, tabs, and newlines, is ignored except as it separates tokens that would otherwise combine into a single token. Comments, defined below, behave as white space. While breaking the input into tokens, the next token is the longest sequence of characters that form a valid token.
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</p>
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<h3>Comments</h3>
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<p>
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There are two forms of comments. The first starts at a the character sequence <tt>//</tt> and continues through the next newline. The second starts at the character sequence <tt>/*</tt> and continues through the character sequence <tt>*/</tt>. Comments do not nest.
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</p>
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<h3>Identifiers</h3>
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<p>
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An identifier is a sequence of one or more letters and digits. The meaning of <i>letter</i> and <i>digit</i> is defined by the Unicode properties for the corresponding characters, with the addition that the underscore character <tt>_</tt> (U+005F) is considered a letter. The first character in an identifier must be a letter. <font color=red>(Current implementation accepts only ASCII digits for digits.)</font>
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</p>
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<h3>Keywords</h3>
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<p>
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The following keywords are reserved and may not be used as identifiers.
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</p>
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<pre>
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break default func interface select
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case defer go map struct
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chan else goto package switch
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const fallthrough if range type
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continue for import return var
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</pre>
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<h3>Operators and Delimiters</h3>
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<p>
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The following character sequences are tokens representing operators, delimiters, and other special lexemes:
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</p>
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<pre>
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+ & += &= && == != ( )
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- | -= |= || < <= [ ]
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* ^ *= ^= <- > >= { }
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/ << /= <<= ++ = := , ;
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% >> %= >>= -- ! ... . :
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</pre>
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<h3>Literals</h3>
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<h4>Integer literals</h4>
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<h4>Floating-point literals</h4>
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<h4>Character literals</h4>
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<h4>String literals</h4>
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</div>
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<br class="clearboth" />
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<div id="pageFooter">
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<p><span class="conf">Google Confidential:</span> For Internal Use Only.<br />© 2009 Google, Inc. All Rights Reserved.</p>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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