diff --git a/src/internal/syscall/windows/at_windows.go b/src/internal/syscall/windows/at_windows.go
index 064564c5e0..ad4a0ab25b 100644
--- a/src/internal/syscall/windows/at_windows.go
+++ b/src/internal/syscall/windows/at_windows.go
@@ -41,8 +41,12 @@ func Openat(dirfd syscall.Handle, name string, flag int, perm uint32) (_ syscall
 		access |= FILE_GENERIC_WRITE
 	}
 	if flag&syscall.O_APPEND != 0 {
-		access &^= FILE_WRITE_DATA
 		access |= FILE_APPEND_DATA
+		// Remove GENERIC_WRITE access unless O_TRUNC is set,
+		// in which case we need it to truncate the file.
+		if flag&syscall.O_TRUNC == 0 {
+			access &^= FILE_WRITE_DATA
+		}
 	}
 	if flag&O_DIRECTORY != 0 {
 		options |= FILE_DIRECTORY_FILE
diff --git a/src/internal/syscall/windows/at_windows_test.go b/src/internal/syscall/windows/at_windows_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7da9ecf07a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/internal/syscall/windows/at_windows_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package windows_test
+
+import (
+	"internal/syscall/windows"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"syscall"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestOpen(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	file := filepath.Join(dir, "a")
+	f, err := os.Create(file)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	f.Close()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		path string
+		flag int
+		err  error
+	}{
+		{dir, syscall.O_RDONLY, nil},
+		{dir, syscall.O_CREAT, nil},
+		{dir, syscall.O_RDONLY | syscall.O_CREAT, nil},
+		{file, syscall.O_APPEND | syscall.O_WRONLY | os.O_CREATE, nil},
+		{file, syscall.O_APPEND | syscall.O_WRONLY | os.O_CREATE | os.O_TRUNC, nil},
+		{dir, syscall.O_RDONLY | syscall.O_TRUNC, syscall.ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED},
+		{dir, syscall.O_WRONLY | syscall.O_RDWR, nil}, // TODO: syscall.Open returns EISDIR here, we should reconcile this
+		{dir, syscall.O_WRONLY, syscall.EISDIR},
+		{dir, syscall.O_RDWR, syscall.EISDIR},
+	}
+	for i, tt := range tests {
+		dir := filepath.Dir(tt.path)
+		dirfd, err := syscall.Open(dir, syscall.O_RDONLY, 0)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Error(err)
+			continue
+		}
+		base := filepath.Base(tt.path)
+		h, err := windows.Openat(dirfd, base, tt.flag, 0o660)
+		syscall.CloseHandle(dirfd)
+		if err == nil {
+			syscall.CloseHandle(h)
+		}
+		if err != tt.err {
+			t.Errorf("%d: Open got %q, want %q", i, err, tt.err)
+		}
+	}
+}