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<!--{
"Title": "Go 1.17 Release Notes",
"Path": "/doc/go1.17"
}-->
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<h2 id="introduction">DRAFT RELEASE NOTES — Introduction to Go 1.17</h2>
<p>
<strong>
Go 1.17 is not yet released. These are work-in-progress
release notes. Go 1.17 is expected to be released in August 2021.
</strong>
</p>
<h2 id="language">Changes to the language</h2>
<p><!-- CL 216424 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/216424">https://golang.org/cl/216424</a>: allow conversion from slice to array ptr
</p>
<p><!-- CL 312212 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/312212">https://golang.org/cl/312212</a>: add unsafe.Add and unsafe.Slice
</p>
<h2 id="ports">Ports</h2>
<h3 id="darwin">Darwin</h3>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/23011 -->
As <a href="go1.16#darwin">announced</a> in the Go 1.16 release
notes, Go 1.17 requires macOS 10.13 High Sierra or later; support
for previous versions has been discontinued.
</p>
<h3 id="windows">Windows</h3>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/36439 -->
Go 1.17 adds support of 64-bit ARM architecture on Windows (the
<code>windows/arm64</code> port). This port supports cgo.
</p>
<h3 id="openbsd">OpenBSD</h3>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/43005 -->
The 64-bit MIPS architecture on OpenBSD (the <code>openbsd/mips64</code>
port) now supports cgo.
</p>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/36435 -->
In Go 1.16, on the 64-bit x86 and 64-bit ARM architectures on
OpenBSD (the <code>openbsd/amd64</code> and <code>openbsd/arm64</code>
ports) system calls are made through <code>libc</code>, instead
of directly using the machine instructions. In Go 1.17, this is
also done on the 32-bit x86 and 32-bit ARM architectures on OpenBSD
(the <code>openbsd/386</code> and <code>openbsd/arm</code> ports).
This ensures forward-compatibility with future versions of
OpenBSD.
</p>
<p>
TODO: complete the Ports section
</p>
<h2 id="tools">Tools</h2>
<p>
TODO: complete the Tools section
</p>
<h3 id="go-command">Go command</h3>
<h4 id="lazy-loading">Lazy module loading</h4>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/36460 -->
If a module specifies <code>go</code> <code>1.17</code> or higher in its
<code>go.mod</code> file, its transitive requirements are now loaded lazily,
avoiding the need to download or read <code>go.mod</code> files for
otherwise-irrelevant dependencies. To support lazy loading, in Go 1.17 modules
the <code>go</code> command maintains <em>explicit</em> requirements in
the <code>go.mod</code> file for every dependency that provides any package
transitively imported by any package or test within the module.
See <a href="https://golang.org/design/36460-lazy-module-loading">the design
document</a> for more detail.
<!-- TODO(bcmills): replace the design-doc link with proper documentation. -->
</p>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/45094 --> To facilitate the upgrade to lazy loading,
the <code>go</code> <code>mod</code> <code>tidy</code> subcommand now supports
a <code>-go</code> flag to set or change the <code>go</code> version in
the <code>go.mod</code> file. To enable lazy loading for an existing module
without changing the selected versions of its dependencies, run:
</p>
<pre>
go mod tidy -go=1.17
</pre>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/46141 -->
TODO: Describe the <code>-compat</code> flag
for <code>go</code> <code>mod</code> <code>tidy</code>.
</p>
<h4 id="module-deprecation-comments">Module deprecation comments</h4>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/40357 -->
Module authors may deprecate a module by adding a
<a href="/ref/mod#go-mod-file-module-deprecation"><code>// Deprecated:</code>
comment</a> to <code>go.mod</code>, then tagging a new version.
<code>go</code> <code>get</code> now prints a warning if a module needed to
build packages named on the command line is deprecated. <code>go</code>
<code>list</code> <code>-m</code> <code>-u</code> prints deprecations for all
dependencies (use <code>-f</code> or <code>-json</code> to show the full
message). The <code>go</code> command considers different major versions to
be distinct modules, so this mechanism may be used, for example, to provide
users with migration instructions for a new major version.
</p>
<h4 id="go-get"><code>go</code> <code>get</code></h4>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/37519 -->
The <code>go</code> <code>get</code> <code>-insecure</code> flag is
deprecated and has been removed. To permit the use of insecure schemes
when fetching dependencies, please use the <code>GOINSECURE</code>
environment variable. The <code>-insecure</code> flag also bypassed module
sum validation, use <code>GOPRIVATE</code> or <code>GONOSUMDB</code> if
you need that functionality. See <code>go</code> <code>help</code>
<code>environment</code> for details.
</p>
<h4 id="missing-go-directive"><code>go.mod</code> files missing <code>go</code> directives</h4>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/44976 -->
If the main module's <code>go.mod</code> file does not contain
a <a href="/doc/modules/gomod-ref#go"><code>go</code> directive</a> and
the <code>go</code> command cannot update the <code>go.mod</code> file, the
<code>go</code> command now assumes <code>go 1.11</code> instead of the
current release. (<code>go</code> <code>mod</code> <code>init</code> has added
<code>go</code> directives automatically <a href="/doc/go1.12#modules">since
Go 1.12</a>.)
</p>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/44976 -->
If a module dependency lacks an explicit <code>go.mod</code> file, or
its <code>go.mod</code> file does not contain
a <a href="/doc/modules/gomod-ref#go"><code>go</code> directive</a>,
the <code>go</code> command now assumes <code>go 1.16</code> for that
dependency instead of the current release. (Dependencies developed in GOPATH
mode may lack a <code>go.mod</code> file, and
the <code>vendor/modules.txt</code> has to date never recorded
the <code>go</code> versions indicated by dependencies' <code>go.mod</code>
files.)
</p>
<h4 id="vendor"><code>vendor</code> contents</h4>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/36876 -->
If the main module specifies <code>go</code> <code>1.17</code> or higher,
<code>go</code> <code>mod</code> <code>vendor</code> now annotates
<code>vendor/modules.txt</code> with the <code>go</code> version indicated by
each vendored module in its own <code>go.mod</code> file. The annotated
version is used when building the module's packages from vendored source code.
</p>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/42970 -->
If the main module specifies <code>go</code> <code>1.17</code> or higher,
<code>go</code> <code>mod</code> <code>vendor</code> now omits <code>go.mod</code>
and <code>go.sum</code> files for vendored dependencies, which can otherwise
interfere with the ability of the <code>go</code> command to identify the correct
module root when invoked within the <code>vendor</code> tree.
</p>
<h4 id="password-prompts">Password prompts</h4>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/44904 -->
The <code>go</code> command by default now suppresses SSH password prompts and
Git Credential Manager prompts when fetching Git repositories using SSH, as it
already did previously for other Git password prompts. Users authenticating to
private Git repos with password-protected SSH may configure
an <code>ssh-agent</code> to enable the <code>go</code> command to use
password-protected SSH keys.
</p>
<h4 id="go-mod-download"><code>go</code> <code>mod</code> <code>download</code></h4>
<p><!-- golang.org/issue/45332 -->
When <code>go</code> <code>mod</code> <code>download</code> is invoked without
arguments, it will no longer save sums for downloaded module content to
<code>go.sum</code>. It may still make changes to <code>go.mod</code> and
<code>go.sum</code> needed to load the build list. This is the same as the
behavior in Go 1.15. To save sums for all modules, use <code>go</code>
<code>mod</code> <code>download</code> <code>all</code>.
</p>
<p><!-- CL 249759 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/249759">https://golang.org/cl/249759</a>: cmd/cover: replace code using optimized golang.org/x/tools/cover
</p>
<h3 id="vet">Vet</h3>
<p><!-- CL 299532 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/299532">https://golang.org/cl/299532</a>: cmd/vet: bring in sigchanyzer to report unbuffered channels to signal.Notify
</p>
<p>
TODO: complete the Vet section
</p>
<h2 id="runtime">Runtime</h2>
<p><!-- CL 304470 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/304470">https://golang.org/cl/304470</a>: cmd/compile, runtime: add metadata for argument printing in traceback
</p>
<p>
TODO: complete the Runtime section
</p>
<h2 id="compiler">Compiler</h2>
<p><!-- CL 283112, golang.org/issue/28727 -->
Functions containing closures can now be inlined. One effect of this change is
that a function with a closure may actually produce a distinct closure function
for each place that the function is inlined. Hence, this change could reveal
bugs where Go functions are compared (incorrectly) by pointer value. Go
functions are by definition not comparable.
TODO: complete the Compiler section, or delete if not needed
</p>
<h2 id="linker">Linker</h2>
<p>
TODO: complete the Linker section, or delete if not needed
</p>
<h2 id="library">Core library</h2>
<p>
TODO: complete the Core library section
</p>
<h3 id="crypto/tls"><a href="/pkg/crypto/tls">crypto/tls</a></h3>
<p><!-- CL 295370 -->
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls#Conn.HandshakeContext">(*Conn).HandshakeContext</a> was added to
allow the user to control cancellation of an in-progress TLS Handshake.
The context provided is propagated into the
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls#ClientHelloInfo">ClientHelloInfo</a>
and <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls#CertificateRequestInfo">CertificateRequestInfo</a>
structs and accessible through the new
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls#ClientHelloInfo.Context">(*ClientHelloInfo).Context</a>
and
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls#CertificateRequestInfo.Context">
(*CertificateRequestInfo).Context
</a> methods respectively. Canceling the context after the handshake has finished
has no effect.
</p>
<p><!-- CL 289209 -->
When <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls#Config">Config.NextProtos</a> is set, servers now
enforce that there is an overlap between the configured protocols and the protocols
advertised by the client, if any. If there is no overlap the connection is closed
with the <code>no_application_protocol</code> alert, as required by RFC 7301.
</p>
<h3 id="runtime/cgo"><a href="/pkg/runtime/cgo">Cgo</a></h3>
<p>
The <a href="/pkg/runtime/cgo">runtime/cgo</a> package now provides a
new facility that allows to turn any Go values to a safe representation
that can be used to pass values between C and Go safely. See
<a href="/pkg/runtime/cgo#Handle">runtime/cgo.Handle</a> for more information.
</p>
<h3 id="minor_library_changes">Minor changes to the library</h3>
<p>
As always, there are various minor changes and updates to the library,
made with the Go 1 <a href="/doc/go1compat">promise of compatibility</a>
in mind.
</p>
<dl id="archive/zip"><dt><a href="/pkg/archive/zip/">archive/zip</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 312310 -->
The new methods <a href="/pkg/archive/zip#File.OpenRaw"><code>File.OpenRaw</code></a>, <a href="/pkg/archive/zip#Writer.CreateRaw"><code>Writer.CreateRaw</code></a>, <a href="/pkg/archive/zip#Writer.Copy"><code>Writer.Copy</code></a> provide support for cases where performance is a primary concern.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- archive/zip -->
<dl id="bufio"><dt><a href="/pkg/bufio/">bufio</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 280492 -->
The <a href="/pkg/bufio/#Writer.WriteRune"><code>Writer.WriteRune</code></a> method
now writes the replacement character U+FFFD for negative rune values,
as it does for other invalid runes.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- bufio -->
<dl id="bytes"><dt><a href="/pkg/bytes/">bytes</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 280492 -->
The <a href="/pkg/bytes/#Buffer.WriteRune"><code>Buffer.WriteRune</code></a> method
now writes the replacement character U+FFFD for negative rune values,
as it does for other invalid runes.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- bytes -->
<dl id="compress/lzw"><dt><a href="/pkg/compress/lzw/">compress/lzw</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 273667 -->
The new
<a href="/pkg/compress/lzw/#Reader.Reset"><code>Reader.Reset</code></a>
and
<a href="/pkg/compress/lzw/#Writer.Reset"><code>Writer.Reset</code></a>
methods allow reuse of a <code>Reader</code> or <code>Writer</code>.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- compress/lzw -->
<dl id="crypto/rsa"><dt><a href="/pkg/crypto/rsa/">crypto/rsa</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 302230 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/302230">https://golang.org/cl/302230</a>: fix salt length calculation with PSSSaltLengthAuto
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- crypto/rsa -->
<dl id="database/sql"><dt><a href="/pkg/database/sql/">database/sql</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 258360 -->
The <a href="/pkg/database/sql/#DB.Close"><code>DB.Close</code></a> method now closes
the <code>connector</code> field if the type in this field implements the
<a href="/pkg/io/#Closer"><code>io.Closer</code></a> interface.
</p>
<p><!-- CL 311572 -->
The new
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/#NullInt16"><code>NullInt16</code></a>
and
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/#NullByte"><code>NullByte</code></a>
structs represent the int16 and byte values that may be null. These can be used as
destinations of the <a href="/pkg/database/sql/#Scan"><code>Scan</code></a> method,
similar to NullString.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- database/sql -->
<dl id="encoding/binary"><dt><a href="/pkg/encoding/binary/">encoding/binary</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 299531 -->
<code>binary.Uvarint</code> will stop reading after <code>10 bytes</code> to avoid
wasted computations. If more than <code>10 bytes</code> are needed, the byte count returned is <code>-11</code>.
<br />
Previous Go versions could return larger negative counts when reading incorrectly encoded varints.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- encoding/binary -->
<dl id="flag"><dt><a href="/pkg/flag/">flag</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 271788 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/271788">https://golang.org/cl/271788</a>: panic if flag name begins with - or contains =
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- flag -->
<dl id="io/fs"><dt><a href="/pkg/io/fs/">io/fs</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 293649 -->
The new <a href="/pkg/io/fs/#FileInfoToDirEntry"><code>FileInfoToDirEntry</code></a> function converts a <code>FileInfo</code> to a <code>DirEntry</code>.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- io/fs -->
<dl id="math"><dt><a href="/pkg/math/">math</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 247058 -->
The math package now defines three more constants: <code>MaxUint</code>, <code>MaxInt</code> and <code>MinInt</code>.
For 32-bit systems their values are <code>2^32 - 1</code>, <code>2^31 - 1</code> and <code>-2^31</code>, respectively.
For 64-bit systems their values are <code>2^64 - 1</code>, <code>2^63 - 1</code> and <code>-2^63</code>, respectively.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- math -->
<dl id="mime"><dt><a href="/pkg/mime/">mime</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 305230 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/305230">https://golang.org/cl/305230</a>: support reading shared mime-info database on unix systems
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- mime -->
<dl id="net"><dt><a href="/pkg/net/">net</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 272668 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/272668">https://golang.org/cl/272668</a>: add IP.IsPrivate
</p>
<p><!-- CL 301709 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/301709">https://golang.org/cl/301709</a>: make go resolver aware of network parameter
</p>
<p><!-- CL 307030 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/307030">https://golang.org/cl/307030</a>: make ErrClosed and ParseError implement net.Error
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- net -->
<dl id="net/http"><dt><a href="/pkg/net/http/">net/http</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 295370 -->
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package now uses the new
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls#Conn.HandshakeContext"><code>(*tls.Conn).HandshakeContext</code></a>
with the <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Request"><code>Request</code></a> context
when performing TLS handshakes in the client or server.
</p>
<p><!-- CL 235437 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/235437">https://golang.org/cl/235437</a>: add to deadlines only when positive
</p>
<p><!-- CL 308952 -->
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/#ReadRequest"><code>ReadRequest</code></a> function
now returns an error when the request has multiple Host headers.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- net/http -->
<dl id="net/http/httptest"><dt><a href="/pkg/net/http/httptest/">net/http/httptest</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 308950 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/308950">https://golang.org/cl/308950</a>: panic on non-3 digit (XXX) status code in Recorder.WriteHeader
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- net/http/httptest -->
<dl id="net/url"><dt><a href="/pkg/net/url/">net/url</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 314850 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/314850">https://golang.org/cl/314850</a>: add Values.Has
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- net/url -->
<dl id="os"><dt><a href="/pkg/os/">os</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 268020 -->
The <a href="/pkg/os/#File.WriteString"><code>File.WriteString</code></a> method
has been optimized to no longer make a copy of the input string.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- os -->
<dl id="reflect"><dt><a href="/pkg/reflect/">reflect</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 266197 -->
The new
<a href="/pkg/reflect/#StructField.IsExported"><code>StructField.IsExported</code></a>
and
<a href="/pkg/reflect/#Method.IsExported"><code>Method.IsExported</code></a>
methods report whether a struct field or type method is exported.
They provide a more readable alternative to checking whether <code>PkgPath</code>
is empty.
</p>
<p><!-- CL 281233 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/281233">https://golang.org/cl/281233</a>: add VisibleFields function
</p>
<p><!-- CL 284136 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/284136">https://golang.org/cl/284136</a>: panic if ArrayOf is called with negative length
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- reflect -->
<dl id="strconv"><dt><a href="/pkg/strconv/">strconv</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 170079 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/170079">https://golang.org/cl/170079</a>: implement Ryū-like algorithm for fixed precision ftoa
</p>
<p><!-- CL 170080 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/170080">https://golang.org/cl/170080</a>: Implement Ryū algorithm for ftoa shortest mode
</p>
<p><!-- CL 314775 -->
The new <a href="/pkg/strconv/#QuotedPrefix"><code>QuotedPrefix</code></a> function
returns the quoted string (as understood by
<a href="/pkg/strconv/#Unquote"><code>Unquote</code></a>)
at the start of input.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- strconv -->
<dl id="strings"><dt><a href="/pkg/strings/">strings</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 280492 -->
The <a href="/pkg/strings/#Builder.WriteRune"><code>Builder.WriteRune</code></a> method
now writes the replacement character U+FFFD for negative rune values,
as it does for other invalid runes.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- strings -->
<dl id="sync/atomic"><dt><a href="/pkg/sync/atomic/">sync/atomic</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 241678 -->
<code>atomic.Value</code> now has <a href="/pkg/sync/atomic/#Value.Swap"><code>Swap</code></a> and
<a href="/pkg/sync/atomic/#Value.CompareAndSwap"><code>CompareAndSwap</code></a> methods that provide
additional atomic operations.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- sync/atomic -->
<dl id="syscall"><dt><a href="/pkg/syscall/">syscall</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 295371 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/295371">https://golang.org/cl/295371</a>: do not overflow key memory in GetQueuedCompletionStatus
</p>
<p><!-- CL 313653 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/313653">https://golang.org/cl/313653</a>: restore signal mask after setting foreground process group
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- syscall -->
<dl id="testing"><dt><a href="/pkg/testing/">testing</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 310033 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/310033">https://golang.org/cl/310033</a>: add -shuffle=off|on|N to alter the execution order of tests and benchmarks
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- testing -->
<dl id="text/template/parse"><dt><a href="/pkg/text/template/parse/">text/template/parse</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 301493 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/301493">https://golang.org/cl/301493</a>: add a mode to skip func-check on parsing
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- text/template/parse -->
<dl id="time"><dt><a href="/pkg/time/">time</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 260858 -->
time.Time now has a <a href="/pkg/time/#Time.GoString">GoString</a>
method that will return a more useful value for times when printed with
the <code>"%#v"</code> format specifier in the fmt package.
</p>
<p><!-- CL 264077 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/264077">https://golang.org/cl/264077</a>: add Time.IsDST() to check if its Location is in Daylight Savings Time
</p>
<p><!-- CL 293349 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/293349">https://golang.org/cl/293349</a>: add Time.Unix{Milli,Micro} and to-Time helpers UnixMicro, UnixMilli
</p>
<p><!-- CL 300996 -->
TODO: <a href="https://golang.org/cl/300996">https://golang.org/cl/300996</a>: support &#34;,&#34; as separator for fractional seconds
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- time -->
<dl id="unicode"><dt><a href="/pkg/unicode/">unicode</a></dt>
<dd>
<p><!-- CL 280493 -->
The <a href="/pkg/unicode/#Is"><code>Is</code></a>,
<a href="/pkg/unicode/#IsGraphic"><code>IsGraphic</code></a>,
<a href="/pkg/unicode/#IsLetter"><code>IsLetter</code></a>,
<a href="/pkg/unicode/#IsLower"><code>IsLower</code></a>,
<a href="/pkg/unicode/#IsMark"><code>IsMark</code></a>,
<a href="/pkg/unicode/#IsNumber"><code>IsNumber</code></a>,
<a href="/pkg/unicode/#IsPrint"><code>IsPrint</code></a>,
<a href="/pkg/unicode/#IsPunct"><code>IsPunct</code></a>,
<a href="/pkg/unicode/#IsSpace"><code>IsSpace</code></a>,
<a href="/pkg/unicode/#IsSymbol"><code>IsSymbol</code></a>, and
<a href="/pkg/unicode/#IsUpper"><code>IsUpper</code></a> functions
now return <code>false</code> on negative rune values, as they do for other invalid runes.
</p>
</dd>
</dl><!-- unicode -->